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; Workgroup: SQL Server Workgroup Edition includes the core database functionality but does not include the additional services. Note that this edition has been retired in SQL Server 2012.<ref name="download.microsoft.com" />
; [[SQL Server Express|Express]]: SQL Server Express Edition is a scaled down, free edition of SQL Server, which includes the core database engine. While there are no limitations on the number of databases or users supported, it is limited to using one processor, 1 GB memory and 10 GB database files (4 GB database files prior to SQL Server Express 2008 R2).<ref name="Express Database Size" /> It is intended as a replacement for [[MSDE]]. Two additional editions provide a superset of features not in the original Express Edition. The first is ''SQL Server Express with Tools'', which includes [[SQL Server Management Studio]] Basic. ''SQL Server Express with Advanced Services'' adds full-text search capability and reporting services.<ref name="Express editions" />
=== Specialized editions ===
; [[SQL Azure|Azure]]: [[Azure SQL Database]] is the [[cloud computing|cloud-based]] version of Microsoft SQL Server, presented as a [[platform as a service]] offering on [[Microsoft Azure]].
; [[SQL Azure|Azure]]: [[Azure SQL Data Warehouse]] is the [[cloud computing|cloud-based]] version of Microsoft SQL Server in a [[Massive parallel processing|MPP]] (massively parallel processing) architecture for analytics workloads, presented as a [[platform as a service]] offering on [[Microsoft Azure]].
; [[SQL Server Compact|Compact (SQL CE)]]: The compact edition is an embedded database engine. Unlike the other editions of SQL Server, the SQL CE engine is based on SQL Mobile (initially designed for use with hand-held devices) and does not share the same binaries. Due to its small size (1 MB DLL footprint), it has a markedly reduced feature set compared to the other editions. For example, it supports a subset of the standard data types, does not support stored procedures or Views or multiple-statement batches (among other limitations). It is limited to 4 GB maximum database size and cannot be run as a Windows service, Compact Edition must be hosted by the application using it. The 3.5 version includes support for ADO.NET Synchronization Services. SQL CE does not support ODBC connectivity, unlike SQL Server proper.
; Developer: SQL Server Developer Edition includes the same features as SQL Server Enterprise Edition, but is limited by the license to be only used as a development and test system, and not as production server. Starting early 2016, Microsoft made this version free of charge to the public.<ref name="Developer Edition" />
; [[Windows Internal Database|Embedded (SSEE)]]: SQL Server 2005 Embedded Edition is a specially configured named instance of the SQL Server Express database engine which can be accessed only by certain Windows Services.
; Evaluation: SQL Server Evaluation Edition, also known as the ''Trial Edition'', has all the features of the Enterprise Edition, but is limited to 180 days, after which the tools will continue to run, but the server services will stop.<ref name="Trial Software" />
; Fast Track: SQL Server Fast Track is specifically for enterprise-scale data warehousing storage and business intelligence processing, and runs on reference-architecture hardware that is optimized for Fast Track.<ref name="Fast Track" />
; LocalDB: Introduced in SQL Server Express 2012, LocalDB is a minimal, on-demand, version of SQL Server that is designed for application developers.<ref name="LocalDB" /> It can also be used as an embedded database.<ref name="localdbblog" />
;Analytics Platform System (APS): Formerly Parallel Data Warehouse (PDW) A [[massively parallel|massively parallel processing]] (MPP) SQL Server appliance optimized for large-scale [[data warehouse|data warehousing]] such as hundreds of terabytes.<ref name="Analytics Platform System" />
;Datawarehouse Appliance Edition: Pre-installed and configured as part of an appliance in partnership with Dell & HP base on the Fast Track architecture. This edition does not include SQL Server Integration Services, Analysis Services, or Reporting Services.
=== Discontinued editions ===
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