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==Production==
[[Image:Caltech from the air.jpg|thumb|Many of the episode's scenes were filmed in [[Pasadena, California]].]]
"Invocation" was written by producer David Amann, and marked his fifth script contribution to the series. "Invocation" was the first of two episode of ''The X-Files'' to be directed by [[Richard Compton]]; he would later go on to direct the eighth season episode "[[Medusa (The X-Files)|Medusa]]".<ref name="BigbookDirector">Hurwitz and Knowles, pp. 236–240</ref> Although the episode was the fifth aired in the season, it was actually the sixth one filmed, as evidenced by its production number.<ref name=cast/><ref name="BBCdate"/> A majority of the episode was filmed in [[Pasadena, California]]. Many of the extras from the episode auditioned via General Casting, a casting agency.<ref name="fraga">Fraga, p. 186</ref> The song that Ronald Purnell sang to Billy to keep him quiet and that was featured as a [[Backmasking|backmasked]] message on Scully's tape-recorder is a traditional African American [[lullaby]] from the [[southern United States]] called "[[All the Pretty Horses (lullaby)|All the Pretty Horses]]".<ref name="xfilessite">{{cite web|title=The X-Files - "Invocation" - Research|url=http://www.thexfiles.com/episodes/season8/8x05_research.html|publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Company]]|work=''TheXFiles.com''|accessdate=12 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011229194218/http://www.thexfiles.com/episodes/season8/8x05_research.html|archivedate=29 December 2001|date=3 December 2000}}</ref>▼
▲"Invocation" was written by producer David Amann, and marked his fifth script contribution to the series. "Invocation" was the first of two episode of ''The X-Files'' to be directed by [[Richard Compton]]; he would later go on to direct the eighth season episode "[[Medusa (The X-Files)|Medusa]]".<ref name="BigbookDirector">Hurwitz and Knowles, pp. 236–240</ref> Although the episode was the fifth aired in the season, it was actually the sixth one filmed, as evidenced by its production number.<ref name=cast/><ref name="BBCdate"/> A majority of the episode was filmed in [[Pasadena, California]]. Many of the extras from the episode auditioned via General Casting, a casting agency.<ref name="fraga">Fraga, p. 186
In the episode, Doggett is told by a psychic that his very own son was kidnapped and murdered; thus, "Invocation" would mark the first appearance of Luke Doggett, the son of John.<ref name="Invocation">{{cite episode | title=Invocation | series=The X-Files | serieslink=The X-Files |credits = [[Richard Compton]] (Director); David Amann (Writer) | network = [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] | season = 8 | number = 5}}</ref> Luke's story would develop into an arc featuring Doggett trying to find out the truth about his son's murder. Robert Patrick noted "['Invocation' started] a very important arc, because you start to see the vulnerability of the Doggett character, what drives him. That's where we first realize something's happened to him. There's a tragedy that's involved with him."<ref name="Bigbook">Hurwitz and Knowles, p. 189</ref>
The song that Ronald Purnell sang to Billy to keep him quiet and that was featured as a [[Backmasking|backmasked]] message on Scully's tape-recorder is a traditional African American [[lullaby]] from the [[southern United States|American South]] called "[[All the Pretty Horses (lullaby)|All the Pretty Horses]]".<ref name="xfilessite">{{cite web|title=The X-Files - "Invocation" - Research|url=http://www.thexfiles.com/episodes/season8/8x05_research.html|publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Company]]|work=''TheXFiles.com''|accessdate=12 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011229194218/http://www.thexfiles.com/episodes/season8/8x05_research.html|archivedate=29 December 2001|date=3 December 2000}}</ref>
==Reception==
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