Image analysis: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:14, 2 August 2018

Revision as of 03:38, 18 September 2018

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{{distinguish|Image processing}}

{{no footnotes|article|date=September 2013}}

'''Image analysis''' is the extraction of meaningful information from [[image]]s; mainly from [[digital image]]s by means of [[digital image processing]] techniques.<ref name="solomonbreckon10fundamentals">{{cite book| author=Solomon, C.J., Breckon, T.P.| title=Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing: A Practical Approach with Examples in Matlab|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9780470689776| year=2010| publisher=Wiley-Blackwell| doi=10.1002/9780470689776| isbn=0470844736978-0470844731}}</ref> Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading [[barcode|bar code]]d tags or as sophisticated as [[facial recognition system|identifying a person from their face]].

[[Computer]]s are indispensable for the analysis of large amounts of data, for tasks that require complex computation, or for the extraction of quantitative information. On the other hand, the human [[visual cortex]] is an excellent image analysis apparatus, especially for extracting higher-level information, and for many applications &mdash; including medicine, security, and remote sensing &mdash; human analysts still cannot be replaced by computers. For this reason, many important image analysis tools such as [[edge detection|edge detectors]] and [[neural networks]] are inspired by human [[visual perception]] models.

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*[[microscope image processing|microscopy]], such as counting the germs in a swab.

*[[optical character recognition]], such as automatic license plate detection.

*[[remote sensing]], such as detecting intruders in a house, and producing land cover/land use maps.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Xie|first1=Y.|last2=Sha|first2=Z.|last3=Yu|first3=M.|title=Remote sensing imagery in vegetation mapping: a review|journal=Journal of plantPlant ecologyEcology|date=2008|volume=1|issue=1|pages=9–23|doi=10.1093/jpe/rtm005}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wilschut|first1=L.I.|last2=Addink|first2=E.A.|last3=Heesterbeek|first3=J.A.P.|last4=Dubyanskiy|first4=V.M.|last5=Davis|first5=S.A.|last6=Laudisoit|first6=A.|last7=Begon|first7=M.|last8=Burdelov|first8=L.A.|last9=Atshabar|first9=B.B.|last10=de Jong|first10=S.M|title=Mapping the distribution of the main host for plague in a complex landscape in Kazakhstan: An object-based approach using SPOT-5 XS, Landsat 7 ETM+, SRTM and multiple Random Forests|journal=International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation|date=2013|volume=23|issue=100|pages=81–94|doi=10.1016/j.jag.2012.11.007|pmid=24817838|pmc=4010295}}</ref>

*[[robotics]], such as to avoid steering into an obstacle.

*[[security]], such as detecting a person's eye color or hair color. <!-- get more specific links: fingerprints, face recog, iris, surveillance, license plate-->

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The international GEOBIA conference has been held biannually since 2006.<ref>[http://www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing/special_issues/geobia]</ref>

Object-based image analysis is also applied in other fields, such as cell biology or medicine. It can for instance detect changes of cellular shapes in the process of cell differentiation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Salzmann|first=M.|last2=Hoesel|first2=B.|last3=Haase|first3=M.|last4=Mussbacher|first4=M.|last5=Schrottmaier|first5=W. C.|last6=Kral-Pointner|first6=J. B.|last7=Finsterbusch|first7=M.|last8=Mazharian|first8=A.|last9=Assinger|first9=A.|date=2018-02-20|title=A novel method for automated assessment of megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet formation|journal=Platelets|volume=29|issue=4|pages=1–8|doi=10.1080/09537104.2018.1430359|issn=1369-1635|pmid=29461915}}</ref>

== Land cover mapping ==