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== Acoustic emission sensor ==
Machine tool monitoring is explained with Acoustic Emission (AE) sensors. AE sensor is commonly defined as the sound emitted as an elastic wave by a solid when it is deformed or struck, caused by the rapid release of localized stress energy. Therefore, it is an occurrence phenomenon which releases elastic energy into the material, which then propagates as an elastic wave. The detection [[frequency]] range of acoustic emission is from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. Rapid stress-releasing events generate a spectrum of stress waves starting at 0 Hz and typically falling off at several MHz. AE can be related to an irreversible release of energy. It can also be generated from sources not involving material failure including friction, cavitation and impact.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|website=http://www.tms.org.|title=The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) }}</ref> The three major applications of AE sensors phenomena are: a) Source ___location - determine the locations of occurrence of an event b) Material mechanical performance - evaluate and characterize materials/structures; and c Health monitoring – monitors the safety operation.<ref name="auto"/>
=== How an AE sensor monitors machine tool===
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