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The '''C-value enigma''' or '''C-value paradox''' is the complex puzzle surrounding the extensive variation in nuclear [[genome size]] among [[eukaryotic]] species. At the center of the C-value enigma is the observation that genome size does not correlate with organismal complexity; for example, some single-celled [[protozoa|protists]] have genomes much larger than that of [[humans]].
Some prefer the term C-value enigma because it explicitly includes all of the questions that will need to be answered if a complete understanding of [[genome size]] [[evolution]] is to be achieved (Gregory 2005). Moreover, the term [[paradox]] implies a lack of understanding of one of the most basic features of eukaryotic genomes: namely that they are composed primarily of [[non-coding DNA]]. Some have claimed that the term paradox also has the unfortunate tendency to lead authors to seek simple one-dimensional solutions to what is, in actuality, a multi-faceted puzzle.<ref name="kew" /> For these reasons, in 2003 the term "C-value enigma" was endorsed in preference to "C-value paradox" at the Second Plant Genome Size Discussion Meeting and Workshop at the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]], [[United Kingdom|UK]],<ref name=kew>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/cval/pgsm/index.html# |title=Second Plant Genome Size Discussion Meeting and Workshop |access-date=2015-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201130244/http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/cval/pgsm/index.html# |archive-date=2008-12-01 |dead-url=yes |df= }}</ref>
and an increasing number of authors have begun adopting this term.
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