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===Mac OS X===
[[File:Diagram of Mac OS X architecture.svg|thumb|400px|A diagram of the Mac OS X architecture]]
At the 1998 [[Worldwide Developers Conference]] (WWDC), Apple announced a move that was intended as a response to complaints from Macintosh software developers who were not happy with the two options (Yellow Box and Blue Box) available in Rhapsody. Mac OS X would add another developer [[API]] to the existing ones in Rhapsody. Key APIs from the [[Macintosh Toolbox]] would be implemented in Mac OS X to run directly on the BSD layers of the operating system instead of in the emulated Macintosh layer. This modified interface, called [[Carbon (API)|Carbon]], would eliminate approximately 2000 troublesome API calls (of about 8000 total) and replace them with calls compatible with a modern OS.<ref name="anguish99summary">{{cite web | url=http://www.
At the same conference, Apple announced that the Mach side of the kernel had been updated with sources from the [[OSFMK]] 7.3 (Open Source Foundation Mach Kernel) <ref>{{Citation|last=Apple WWDC Videos|title=Apple WWDC 2000 Session 106 - Mac OS X: Kernel|date=2017-02-19|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggnFoDqzGMU|access-date=2018-07-06}}</ref> and the BSD side of the kernel had been updated with sources from the [[FreeBSD]], [[NetBSD]] and [[OpenBSD]] projects.<ref name="anguish99summary" /> They also announced a new driver model called [[I/O Kit]], intended to replace the Driver Kit used in NeXTSTEP citing Driver Kit's lack of power management and hot-swap capabilities and its lack of automatic configuration capability.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.stepwise.com/SpecialCoverage/WWDC98/Thursday-IOKit.html | title=Rhapsody Core OS: Intro to the I/O Driver Architecture | author=Scott Anguish | date=1998-05-14 | publisher=stepwise.com | accessdate=2006-10-13 }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
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