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| website = {{Official website|https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP2030.html}} ''IBM Archives''
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The '''IBM System/360 Model 30''' was a low-end member of the IBM System/360 family. It was announced on April 7, 1964, shipped in 1965, and withdrawn on October 7, 1977.<ref name="ibm-archives"/> The Model 30 was designed by IBM's General Systems Division in [[Endicott, New York|Endicott]], New York, and manufactured in Endicott and other IBM manufacturing sites outside of U.S.
==History==
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In response to competitive pressures, IBM introduced a memory upgrade option, allowing 96K on a 360/30.<ref>Historical Note: A posted submission to Ed Thelen's 360/30 writings (http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/ibm-360-30.html) signed LEONARD.BEARES.ctr (at) disa.mil (December 2005) indicated that, in response to a 128K offering by a small company, IBM actually introduced an upgrade, allowing 96K on a 360/30. BEARES noted that this allowed hour-plus tape/disk-based sorts to be done in-core in minutes.</ref> It seems, based on the system's front panel, that a provision for supporting more than 64K had been pre-planned.<ref>http://www.ljw.me.uk/ibm360/links has an entry named '''Glenn's Computer Museum''' (http://www.glennsmuseum.com/ibm/ibm.html) that has the following annotation: note that this front panel has indicators for extra address bits to allow more than 64k main storage</ref>
===
The [[CPU]] used an 8-bit [[microarchitecture]] with only a few [[hardware register]]s; everything that the programmer saw was
[[Emulator|emulated]] by the [[microprogram]].<ref name="30theory">{{cite book|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/fe/2030/Y24-3360-1_2030_FE_Theory_Opns_Jun67.pdf|title=Field Engineering Theory of Operation, 2030 Processing Unit, System/360 Model 30|id=Y24-3360-1|edition=Fifth|date=June 1967|publisher=IBM}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/fe/2030/Model_30_Microprogramming_Lang.pdf|title=Model 30 Microprogramming Language|publisher=IBM}}</ref> Handling a 4-byte word took (at least) 6 microseconds, based on a 1.5 microsecond storage access cycle time.<ref name="30theory"/>{{rp|pg.1–4}}
The microcode was stored in [[CCROS]] (Card Capacitor Read-Only Storage) developed in Endicott. The Model 30 and Model 40 were originally supposed to share the [[Transformer Read Only Storage]] (TROS) being developed at [[IBM Hursley]], but CCROS was cheaper to manufacture.<ref name= ibmbook/> This system used [[Mylar]] cards the size and shape of a standard IBM [[punched-card]], so the microcode could be changed using a [[keypunch]]. Each card held 720 bits, and the total microcode consisted of 4032 60-bit words. The Mylar "encased copper tabs and access lines."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kent (ed.) |first1=Allen |title=Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 69 - Supplement 32 |date=2000 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=0-8247-2069-5 |page=267 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1U_gOuKGFYYC&pg=PA267 |accessdate=Dec 3, 2018}}</ref> A hole punched at a specific ___location removed the copper tab and encoded a zero, unpunched locations were read as ones.
==System configuration==
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BOS [[BOS/360|(Basic Operating System)]] required a disk drive, but, like BPS, could run on the smallest 360/30, the 8K model C30.<ref name="BOS_ProGuide"/>{{rp|pp.9,10}}
The minimum memory needed to run DOS or TOS was
TOS [[TOS/360|(Tape Operating System)]], as the name suggests, required a tape drive. It shared most of the code base<ref name=40Y.mem>{{cite newsgroup|url=https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.folklore.computers/RZA6FD27Tc0/-LoIXsOee7gJ|title=DOS/360: Forty years|author=Joe Morris|newsgroup=alt.folklore.computer|date=April 25, 2005|quote=Don't forget TOS, the bastard cousin of DOS. Either could be generated from the same set of distribution libraries...}}</ref> and some manuals<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/dos/GC24-5030-8_Disk_and_Tape_Operating_Systems_Concepts_and_Facilities_Oct70.pdf|title=IBM System/360 Disk and Tape Operating Systems Concepts and Facilities|date=October 1970|id=GC2ij-5030-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/dos/GC24-3465-8_DOS_and_TOS_Utility_Programs_R26.1_Aug73.pdf|title=DOS and TOS Utility Programs|date=August 1973|id=GC24-3465-8}}</ref> with IBM's DOS/360 and went through 14 releases. TOS was discontinued<ref>https://www.mail-archive.com/ibmvm (at) listserv.uark.edu/msg24371.html</ref> when disk drives became more affordable.<ref>Computerworld,Sept.5,1977,p.40 - quotes an IBM task force report that referred to "price alone rather than by price/performance."</ref>
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* The [[IBM 1130]] was the preferred successor to the IBM 1620.<ref>{{cite book|title=Milestones in Computer Science and Information Technology|author=Edwin D. Reilly|year=2003|isbn=1573565210}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=History of Computer Graphics|author=Dan Ryan|isbn=1456751158|series=DLR Associates Series}}</ref>
* [[Fortran]] accounted for a significant part of how the 1620 was used,<ref>{{cite book|title=Basic Programming Concepts and The IBM 1620 Computer|author1=Daniel N. Leeson|author2=Donald L. Dimitry|year=1962|publisher=Holt, Rinehart and Winston}}</ref> and IBM 1620 Fortran programs could be converted to run on System/360.
==Notes==
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== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP2030.html}} ''IBM archives''
* [http://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/mainframe-computers/7/164/578 IBM Card Capacitor Read-Only Store (CCROS) at the Computer Hiostory Museum]
* [http://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/mainframe-computers/7/164/582 Card from a Card-Capacitor Read-Only Store (CCROS), System/360 Model 30]
{{IBM System/360 line}}
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