Home-based program: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 08:32, 15 May 2018

Revision as of 09:08, 23 December 2018

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{{short description|Home visiting services for young children in the United States}}

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{{short description|Home visiting services for young children in the United States}}

[[Home care|Home visiting]] programs for families with [[Early childhood|young children]] have received [[Federal government of the United States|Federal government]] support in the United States. A range of programs have been implemented, with evaluation of their effectiveness in terms of health, social and educational outcomes.

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# Parents as Teachers (PAT)<ref>[https://parentsasteachers.org/resources/federal-home-visiting-program Parents as Teachers]</ref>

There are other programs also in review for federal approval. When states apply and are granted of the federal funds, federal legislation provides guidelines on how to specifically distribute the money. For example, at least 75% of the funds must be apportioned on programs that follow one of the approved home visiting models. The rest of the money may be allocated for “promising approaches”, where they have shown some evidence of effectiveness, but yet to have strong assessment of evidence. Local programs may apply for funding in this classification.<ref name="ncsl">National Conference of State Legislatures. [http://www.ncsl.org/portals/1/documents/health/FedHVAlert.pdf "Alert : Federal Home Visiting Initiative Deadline Approaching"]. Retrieved Oct 20, 2013. </ref>

==Implementation==

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===Evidence-based practices===

[[Evidence-based practice]] means that there has been a set of standards of practices established from clinically proved trials and researches that produced consistently improved outcomes. Individual clinician’sclinician's training and organizational and systems changes could influence the implementation of clinical guidelines.<ref>Glanz, K., Rimer, B.K., Viswanath, K. (Eds.) (2008). Health Behavior and Health Education (4th edition). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Chapter 14, Diffusion of Innovations (pp 313–334).</ref> The review of home visiting programs reports that intensive and frequent visits from trained professionals to families from the prenatal stage up to the second or third years of the child’schild's life produces a positive and improved outcome in maternal and child’schild's health. The frequency could be as often once a week to at least once or twice every month in the beginning stage of home visits.<ref name="ncsl" />

===Evidence===

Quality practices offered by well-trained home visitors in Home Visiting Programs have been shown to be effective in these areas: lower number of low [[birth weight]] babies, 50% decrease in child abuse or neglect, 25% increase in reading and math test grades in 1-3 grades, 60% increase in high school graduation rate. If trained visitors diligently follow the standards, the cost-benefit studies have demonstrated returns of investment from $1.75 to $5.70 on every dollar spent.<ref name="ncsl_a" />{{rsunreliable source?|date=May 2014}}

== Cost==