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Data sources can connect to any number of source types using [[OLEDB]] or ADO. They generally execute a SQL statement (including a stored procedure) to retrieve rows, though there are exceptions. Most notably, a flat file data source allows reading from text files, and an XML adapter can source data from XML files. Similarly, data destinations write data to their target by executing a statement on its connection, or writing to a file.
Various transforms exist in the product, including a sort, aggregation, and lookup. A derived column transform evaluates an expression to compute the value for a new column. A script transform is available which allows more complicated
Unlike DTS, SSIS can have more than one transform in its operation. Transforms, data sources, and data destinations can have multiple inputs and outputs. Most have error outputs so that rows which would cause the transform to fail can be optionally redirected for further or alternate processing.
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