Central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor: Difference between revisions

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== Risk Factors ==

The rate of PNETs in not correlated with sex, but it is correlated with age.<ref name=":0" /> Most cases occur on children around 5 years of age while the frequency of PNETs in adults is very low. <ref name=":0" /> Regarding genetic mutations, a specific type of gene alteration that directly leads to this tumor hasn't been defined. <ref name=":0" /> However, a positive correlation between individuals with Li-Fraumeni syndrome with a mutation in the gene ''p53'' and PNET has been reported.<ref name=":1" /> A significant number of individuals with mutations on the ''rb'' tumor supressor gene, encoding for the protein Rb responsible for stopping the cell cycle at the G1 phase<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Baker|first=Henry V|date=2003-06|title=Essential Genetics: A Genomics Perspective. Third Edition. By Daniel L Hartl and , Elizabeth W Jones. Sudbury (Massachusetts): Jones and Bartlett Publishers. $78.95 (paper). xxvi + 613 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 0–7637–1852–1. 2002.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/377959|journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology|volume=78|issue=2|pages=225–226|doi=10.1086/377959|issn=0033-5770}}</ref>, have also developed the tumor.<ref name=":1" /> Another possible contributing factor are mutations in the CREB-binding protein CBP, whose function includes activating transcription,<ref name=":4" /> but this interaction still need to be studied further.<ref name=":1" /> It has also been presumed that the tumor can arise from cranial irradiation.<ref name=":1" />

== Diagnosis ==