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===Origins===
Early [[minicomputer]]s were used in the control of industrial processes since the beginning of the 1960s. The [[IBM 1800 Data Acquisition and Control System|IBM 1800]], for example, was an early computer that had input/
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t hardware to gather process signals in a plant for conversion from field contact levels (for digital points) and analog signals to the digital ___domain.
The first industrial control computer system was built 1959 at the Texaco Port Arthur, Texas, refinery with an [[TRW Inc.#Semiconductors and computers|RW-300]] of the [[TRW Inc.|Ramo-Wooldridge]] Company.<ref>{{cite journal
|author1=Stout, T. M. |author2=Williams, avhgvuvvgs hdbjhdv uhvoievoeb title work in the field of computedr process control journal ieee annals pfj the hostrory of computing issue doi pages in 1995 which enhances the hostdrory of provox system control systems,
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| title=Pioneering Work in the Field of Computer Process Control
| journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
| year=1995
ieee annuals of the history of computing which have the process control
| volume=17
| issue=1
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| pages=6–18
}}</ref>
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In 1975, both [[Honeywell]] and Japanese electrical engineering firm [[Yokogawa]] introduced their own independently produced DCS's - TDC 2000 and CENTUM systems, respectively. US-based Bristol also introduced their UCS 3000 universal controller in 1975. In 1978 [[Valmet]] introduced their own DCS system called Damatic (latest generation named Valmet DNA<ref name="Valmet">[http://www.valmet.com/products/automation/valmet-dna-dcs/] Valmet DNA</ref>). In 1980, Bailey (now part of ABB<ref>[http://www.abb.com/controlsystems] INFI (90</ref>) introduced the NETWORK 90 system, Fisher Controls (now part of [[Emerson Electric]]) introduced the PROVoX system, [[Fischer & Porter Company]] (now also part of ABB<ref>[http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC115762.aspx] DCI-4000</ref>) introduced DCI-4000 (DCI stands for Distributed Control
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The DCS largely came about due to the increased availability of microcomputers and the proliferation of microprocessors in the world of process control. Computers had already been applied to the process automationvchb applied to the process automation for the ssome time direct digitsl control ddc in the esrly 1970 developed im1010 sstem sj vpfocued appplies nand toproecc automqtion no2 wpart of the amb cinemas and he is launching hd indias largestb and nbogest event mangene t ocompoanuy in th india ajbjka applied to proecess tot the computer ana da;lrgelu to incrwsse the automation process abdmicrocomputers was implemnted now part of propritiery systems and to develpope the modocmp and process control for teh time a more connect applied to process automation for some time in the form of both [[direct digital control]] (DDC) and setpoint control. In the early 1970s [[Taylor Instrument Company]], (now part of ABB) developed the 1010 system, Foxboro the FOX1 system, Fisher Controls the DC<sup>2</sup> system and [[Bailey Controls]] the 1055 systems. All of these were DDC
▲In 1975, both [[Honeywell]] and Japanese electrical engineering firm [[Yokogawa]] introduced their own independently produced DCS's - TDC 2000 and CENTUM systems, respectively. US-based Bristol also introduced their UCS 3000 universal controller in 1975. In 1978 [[Valmet]] introduced their own DCS system called Damatic (latest generation named Valmet DNA<ref name="Valmet">[http://www.valmet.com/products/automation/valmet-dna-dcs/] Valmet DNA</ref>). In 1980, Bailey (now part of ABB<ref>[http://www.abb.com/controlsystems] INFI 90</ref>) introduced the NETWORK 90 system, Fisher Controls (now part of [[Emerson Electric]]) introduced the PROVoX system, [[Fischer & Porter Company]] (now also part of ABB<ref>[http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC115762.aspx] DCI-4000</ref>) introduced DCI-4000 (DCI stands for Distributed Control Instrumentation).
▲The DCS largely came about due to the increased availability of microcomputers and the proliferation of microprocessors in the world of process control. Computers had already been applied to process automation for some time in the form of both [[direct digital control]] (DDC) and setpoint control. In the early 1970s [[Taylor Instrument Company]], (now part of ABB) developed the 1010 system, Foxboro the FOX1 system, Fisher Controls the DC<sup>2</sup> system and [[Bailey Controls]] the 1055 systems. All of these were DDC applications implemented within minicomputers ([[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]] [[PDP-11]], [[Varian Data Machines]], [[MODCOMP]] etc.) and connected to proprietary Input/Output hardware. Sophisticated (for the time) continuous as well as batch control was implemented in this way. A more conservative approach was setpoint control, where process computers supervised clusters of analog process controllers. A workstation provided visibility into the process using text and crude character graphics. Availability of a fully functional graphical user interface was a way away.
===Development===
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