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The two variants of Lisp most significant in the development of Scheme were both developed at MIT: LISP 1.5<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/LISP/book/LISP%201.5%20Programmers%20Manual.pdf |title=LISP 1.5 Programmer's Manual |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |last=McCarthy |first=John |author-link=John McCarthy (computer scientist) |last2=Abrahams |first2=Paul W. |last3=Edwards |first3=Daniel J. |last4=Hart |first4=Timothy P. |last5=Levin |first5=Michael I. |isbn=978-0-262-13011-0 |year=1985 }}</ref> developed by McCarthy and others, and [[Maclisp]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://zane.brouhaha.com/~healyzh/doc/lisp.doc.txt |title=Maclisp Reference Manual |date=March 3, 1979 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214064433/http://zane.brouhaha.com/~healyzh/doc/lisp.doc.txt |archive-date=2007-12-14}}</ref> – developed for MIT's [[Project MAC]], a direct descendant of LISP 1.5. which ran on the PDP-10 and [[Multics]] systems.
Since its inception, Lisp was closely connected with the [[artificial intelligence]] (AI) research community, especially on [[PDP-10]]. The 36-bit word size of the [[PDP-6]] and [[PDP-10]] was influenced by the usefulness of having two Lisp [[18-bit]] pointers in one word.<ref>{{cite newsgroup |quote=The PDP-6 project started in early 1963, as a [[24-bit]] machine. It grew to 36 bits for LISP, a design goal. |url=https://groups.google.com/group/alt.folklore.computers/browse_thread/thread/6e5602ce733d0ec/17597705ae289112 |title=The History of TOPS or Life in the Fast ACs |newsgroup=alt.folklore.computers |message-id= 84950@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu |date=18 October 1990 |last=Hurley |first=Peter J.}}</ref>
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