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The figure of '''live coder''' is who performs the act of live coding, usually "artists who want to learn to code, and coders who want to express themselves"<ref>{{cite web|last=Bell|first=Sarah|title=Live coding brings programming to life - an interview with Alex McLean|url=http://www.britishscienceassociation.org/blog/live-coding-brings-programming-to-life-an-interview-with-alex-mac|accessdate=2 March 2016}}</ref> or in terms of Wang & Cook the "programmer/performer/composer".<ref>Wang G. & Cook P. (2004) [http://soundlab.cs.princeton.edu/publications/on-the-fly_nime2004.pdf "On-the-fly Programming: Using Code as an Expressive Musical Instrument"], In ''Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME)'' (New York: NIME, 2004).</ref>
Live coding is also an increasingly popular technique in programming-related lectures and conference presentations, and has been described as a "best practice" for computer science lectures by [[Mark Guzdial]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Guzdial|first=Mark|title=What students get wrong when building computational physics models in Python: Cabellero thesis part 2|url=http://computinged.wordpress.com/2011/08/01/what-students-get-wrong-when-building-computational-physics-models-in-python-cabellero-thesis-part-2/|accessdate=5 February 2013|date=August 2011}}</ref>
== Live coding techniques ==
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"Temporal recursion" was a term initially coined in relation to the [[Impromptu (programming environment)|Impromptu]] programming environment. Technical elements within a programming environment continue to locate compressors and recursion solutions, but timing had been a major issue. While the general form of a temporal recursion, being any asynchronous function recursion through time, is available to any event driven system, Impromptu has placed a special emphasis on this particular design pattern,<ref>Sorensen, A & Gardner, H (2010) "[http://eprints.qut.edu.au/55712/1/sorensen_ow_2010.pdf Programming With Time: Cyberphysical Programming In Impromptu, In proceedings of the ACM Splash Conference 2010]"</ref> making it the centre piece of the concurrency architecture on that platform. Temporal recursion had repeatedly been used in [[SuperCollider]] and has since been implemented in the [[Fluxus (programming environment)|Fluxus]] environment.
Another functional approach to the representation of time is shown in the [[Tidal (livecoding)|Tidal]] pattern [[Domain-specific language|DSL]],<ref>{{cite book|last=McLean|first=Alex|chapter=[https://github.com/yaxu/Tidal/blob/master/doc/farm/farm.pdf?raw=true Making programming languages to dance to: Live Coding with Tidal]|title=In proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Functional Art, Music, Modelling and Design|year=2014|___location=Gothenburg
=== Multi-user programming and shared memory ===
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== Organizations ==
TOPLAP (The (Temporary|Transnational|Terrestrial|Transdimensional) Organisation for the (Promotion|Proliferation|Permanence|Purity) of Live (Algorithm|Audio|Art|Artistic) Programming) is an informal organization formed in February 2004 to bring together the various communities that had formed around live coding environments.<ref>Ward, A., Rohrhuber, J., Olofsson, F., McLean, A., Griffiths, D., Collins, N., and Alexander, A. (2004). [http://art.runme.org/1107861145-2780-0/livecoding.pdf Live algorithm programming and a temporary organisation for its promotion]. In Goriunova, O. and Shulgin, A., editors, read_me - Software Art and Cultures.</ref> The TOPLAP manifesto asserts several requirements for a TOPLAP compliant performance, in particular that performers' screens should be projected and not hidden.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://toplap.org/wiki/ManifestoDraft |title = ManifestoDraft - Toplap}}</ref>
== Research ==
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