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==Background==
During a patient cardiac arrest in a hospital or other medical facility, staff may be notified via a [[Hospital emergency codes#Code Blue|code blue alert]].{{sfn|Marks|2006}} A medical response team, based on the institution's practices and policies, attends to the [[emergency]].{{sfn|NBC News|2008}} The team will perform life saving measures, including CPR, in order to re-establish both cardiac and pulmonary function.{{sfn|Braddock|1998|loc=When should CPR be administered?}}
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation may be withheld in some circumstances. One is if the patient has a [[do not resuscitate]] ("no code") order,{{sfn|Braddock|1998|loc=When can CPR be withheld?}} such as in a [[Advance health care directive|living will]].{{sfn|Braddock|1998|loc=What if the patient is unable to say what his/her wishes are?}} Another is if the patient, family member, individual with [[power of attorney]] privileges over the patient, or other surrogate decision maker for the patient, makes such a request of the medical staff.{{sfn|College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario|2006}} Surrogate decision makers are considered in a hierarchy: legal guardians with health care authority, individual with power of attorney for health decisions, spouse, adult children, parents, and adult siblings.{{sfn|Braddock|1998|loc=What if the patient is unable to say what his/her wishes are?}}
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