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Another use for a hybrid coupler is to produce the sum and difference of two signals. In the illustration, two input signals are fed into the ports marked 1 and 2. The sum of the two signals appears at the port marked Σ, and the difference at the port marked Δ.<ref>Ghione & Pirola, pp. 172–173</ref> In addition to their uses as couplers and power dividers, directional couplers can be used in [[balanced mixer]]s, [[frequency discriminator]]s, [[Attenuator (electronics)|attenuator]]s, [[phase shifter]]s, and [[antenna array]] [[antenna feed|feed]] networks.<ref>{{multiref|Chang & Hsieh, p. 227|Maloratsky, p. 117}}</ref>
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[[File:Ferritzirkulator1.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Square, grey, three-port device with an identifying sticker|A coaxial ferrite circulator operating at {{nowrap|1 GHz}}]]
{{main|Circulator}}
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