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The development environment used resources from the PRIAM project, a French language acronym for "PRojet Interdivisionnaire d'Assistance aux Microprocesseurs", a project to standardise microprocessor development across CERN.<ref>{{cite journal |title= PRIAM and VMEbus at CERN |last= Eck |first= C. |date= December 1985 |work= VMEbus in Physics Conference |url= http://www.iaea.org/inis/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/17/041/17041317.pdf |accessdate=26 July 2011 }}</ref>
The short development time produced software in a simplified dialect of the [[C (programming language)|C programming language]]. The official standard [[ANSI C]] was not yet available on all platforms.<ref name="IEEE" />
The Line Mode Browser was released to a limited audience on [[VAX]], [[RS/6000]] and [[Sun-4]] computers in March 1991.<ref name="cern">{{cite web|last=Crémel|first=Nicole|title=A Little History of the World Wide Web|url=http://ref.web.cern.ch/ref/CERN/CNL/2001/001/www-history/|publisher=[[CERN]]|accessdate=2 June 2010|date=5 April 2001}}</ref> Before the release of the first publicly available version, it was integrated into the [[CERN Program Library]] (CERNLIB), used mostly by the [[Particle physics|High-Energy Physics]]-community.<ref name="howthewebbegan" /><ref name="newsletter92" /> The first [[Software development process#beta|beta]] of the browser was released on 8 April 1991.<ref>{{cite book|first1=James|last1=Gillies|first2=Robert|last2=Cailliau|authorlink2=Robert Cailliau|title=How the Web Was Born|year=2000|isbn=0-19-286207-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill/page/345 345]|url=https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill/page/345}}</ref> Berners-Lee announced the browser's availability in August 1991 in the ''alt.hypertext'' newsgroup of [[Usenet]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, and the World Wide Web|url=http://www.livinginternet.com/w/wi_lee.htm#dev|accessdate=26 July 2010|first=Bill|last=Stewart|publisher=Living Internet}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/1991/08/art-6484.txt|title=Re: Qualifiers on Hypertext links...|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee|first=Tim|last=Berners-Lee|date=6 August 1991|accessdate=28 July 2010|quote=We have a prototype hypertext editor for the NeXT, and a browser for line mode terminals which runs on almost anything.}}</ref>
Users could use the browser from anywhere in the [[Internet]] through the [[telnet]] protocol to the ''info.cern.ch'' machine (which was also the first web server).
The spreading news of the World Wide Web in 1991 increased interest in the project at CERN and other laboratories such as [[DESY]] in [[Germany]], and elsewhere throughout the world.<ref name="tenyarscern" /><ref>{{cite book|first1=James|last1=Gillies|first2=Robert|last2=Cailliau|authorlink2=Robert Cailliau|title=How the Web Was Born|isbn=0-19-286207-3|year=2000|page=[https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill/page/205 205]|url=https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill/page/205}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Berners-Lee|first=Tim|title= Public Domain CERN WWW Software |url= http://1997.webhistory.org/www.lists/www-talk.1993q2/0259.html |accessdate=11 October 2010|date=7 May 1993}}</ref>
The first stable version, 1.1, was released in January 1992.<ref name="cern" /> Since version 1.2l, released in October 1992, the browser has used the ''common code library'' (later called [[libwww]]).<ref name="linemodechangehistory" /> The main developer, Pellow, started working on the [[MacWWW]] project, and both browsers began to share some [[source code]].<ref>{{cite web|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee|last=Berners-Lee|first=Tim|date=3 November 1992|title=Macintosh Browser|url=http://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/Macintosh/Overview.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=2 June 2010}}</ref> In the ''May 1993 World Wide Web Newsletter'' Berners-Lee announced that the browser was released into the [[public ___domain]] to reduce the work on new clients.<ref>{{cite web|title=May World-Wide Web News|url=http://www.w3.org/News/9305.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=7 June 2010|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee|first=Tim|last=Berners-Lee|date=May 1993}}</ref> On 21 March 1995, with the release of version 3.0, CERN put the full responsibility for maintaining the Line Mode Browser on the W3C.<ref name="linemodechangehistory" /> The Line Mode Browser and the libwww library are closely tied together—the last independent release of a separate browser component was in 1995, and the browser became part of libwww.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kreutzmann|first=Dr. Helge|title=WWW-Browsers for Linux|url=http://www.helgefjell.de/browser.php|accessdate=3 June 2010|date=6 January 2010}}</ref>
The [[Agora (web browser)|Agora]] World Wide Web email browser was based on the Line Mode Browser.<ref>{{cite web|last=Sendall|first=Mike|title=World Wide Web Clients|url=http://www.w3.org/Clients.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=10 August 2010|date=29 March 1995}}</ref> The Line Mode Browser was very popular in the beginning of the web, since it was the only web browser available for all operating systems. Statistics from January 1994 show that [[Mosaic (web browser)|Mosaic]] had quickly changed the web browser landscape and only 2% of all [[World Wide Web]] users browsed by Line Mode Browser.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Web |url=http://www.w3c.rl.ac.uk/primers/history/origins.htm |publisher=[[Oxford Brookes University]] |accessdate=20 November 2010 |year=2002 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925204436/http://www.w3c.rl.ac.uk/primers/history/origins.htm |archivedate=25 September 2010 |df= }}</ref> The new niche of text-only web browser was filled by [[Lynx (web browser)|Lynx]], which made the Line Mode Browser largely irrelevant as a browser. One reason was that Lynx is much more flexible than the Line Mode Browser.<ref name="HTMLsource">{{cite book|last=Graham|first=Ian S.|title=The HTML Sourcebook: The Complete Guide to HTML|year=1995|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|isbn=0-471-11849-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/htmlsourcebook00grah/page/323 323]|url=https://archive.org/details/htmlsourcebook00grah/page/323}}</ref> It then became a test application for the libwww.
== Operating mode ==
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== Further reading ==
*{{cite book|last=Gay|first=Martin|title=Recent advances and issues in computers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sv7N_JKMPl8C&pg=PA121|date=1 June 2000|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-57356-227-0|page=121}}
*{{cite book|last=Gillies|last2=Cailliau|first=James|first2=Robert|authorlink2=Robert Cailliau|title=How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web|date=15 January 2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-286207-3|url=https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill}}
*{{cite book|last=December|last2=Randall|first=John|first2=Neil|title=The World Wide Web unleashed|year=1994|publisher=Sams Publishing|isbn=1-57521-040-1|url=https://archive.org/details/worldwidewebunle00dece}}
*{{cite book|last=Kantor|first=Andrew|title=60-minute guide to the Internet: including the World-Wide Web|year=1995|publisher=IDG Books Worldwide|isbn=1-56884-342-9|url=https://archive.org/details/60minuteguidetoi00kant}}
== External links ==
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