Human performance modeling: Difference between revisions

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==== Pointing ====
Pointing at stationary targets such as buttons, windows, images, menu items, and controls on computer displays is commonplace and has a well-established modeling tool for analysis - [[Fitts's law|Fitt's law]] (Fitts, 1954) - which states that the time to make an aimed movement (MT) is a linear function of the index of difficulty of the movement: '''''MT = a + bID'''''. The index of difficulty (ID) for any given movement is a function of the ratio of distance to the target (D) and width of the target (W): '''''ID =''''' '''log<sub>2</sub>''(2D/W) -''''' a relationship derivable from [[information theory]].<ref name=":1" /> Fitt's law is actually responsible for the ubiquity of the computer [[Mouse (computing)|mouse]], due to the research of Card, English, and Burr (1978). Extensions of Fitt's law also apply to pointing at spatially moving targets, via the ''[[steering law]]'', originally discovered by C.G. Drury in 1971<ref>{{Cite journal|last=DRURY|first=C. G.|date=1971-03-01|title=Movements with Lateral Constraint|journal=Ergonomics|volume=14|issue=2|pages=293–305|doi=10.1080/00140137108931246|issn=0014-0139|pmid=5093722}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Drury|first=C. G.|last2=Daniels|first2=E. B.|date=1975-07-01|title=Performance Limitations in Laterally Constrained Movements|journal=Ergonomics|volume=18|issue=4|pages=389–395|doi=10.1080/00140137508931472|issn=0014-0139}}</ref><ref>{{Cite webjournal |urldoi =http:/ 10.1109/ieeexploreTSMC.ieee1987.org/abstract/document/4309061/?reload=true|title = Self-Paced Path Control as an Optimization Task|journal -= IEEE XploreTransactions Documenton Systems, Man, and Cybernetics|websitevolume =ieeexplore 17|issue = 3|pages = 455–464|year = 1987|last1 = Drury|first1 = Colin G.ieee|last2 = Montazer|first2 = M.org Ali|languagelast3 =en-US Karwan|access-datefirst3 =2017-03-02 Mark H.}}</ref> and later on rediscovered in the context of human-computer interaction by Accott & Zhai (1997, 1999).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Accot|first=Johnny|last2=Zhai|first2=Shumin|date=1997-01-01|title=Beyond Fitts' Law: Models for Trajectory-based HCI Tasks|journal=Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems|series=CHI '97|___location=New York, NY, USA|publisher=ACM|pages=295–302|doi=10.1145/258549.258760|isbn=0897918029}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Accot|first=Johnny|last2=Zhai|first2=Shumin|date=1999-01-01|title=Performance Evaluation of Input Devices in Trajectory-based Tasks: An Application of the Steering Law|journal=Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems|series=CHI '99|___location=New York, NY, USA|publisher=ACM|pages=466–472|doi=10.1145/302979.303133|isbn=0201485591}}</ref>
 
==== [[Control theory|Manual Control Theory]] ====
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-'''[[Coefficient of determination]]''' '''([[Coefficient of determination|R Square]])''': A line or curve indicate how well the data fit a statistic model.
 
-[[Root mean square|'''Root Mean Square''']] '''([[Root mean square|RMS]])''': A statistical measure defined as the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of a set of numbers.<ref>{{Cite journalbook
| title = A Dictionary of Physics (6 ed.). Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 9780199233991.
| chapter-url = http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199233991.001.0001/acref-9780199233991-e-2676
| isbn = 9780199233991
| chapter = Root-mean-square value
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| year = 2009
}}</ref>