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{{How-to|date=August 2019}}
'''Managing up and managing down''' is studied as part of management studies, and details how a [[middle management|middle manager]] should effectively deal with his or her manager and with his or her subordinates. Additionally, managing up on its own may be a useful skill for a subordinate who in turn does not manage anyone. It is generally considered to be distinct from "[[sucking up]]" or "[[kissing up]]" to the manager and "[[kicking down]]" to subordinates as it involves benign and straightforward [[social influence|influencing]] rather than underhand [[Psychological manipulation|manipulation]].<ref>Turk W (2007) Defense AT&L: March–April The Art of Managing Up</ref><ref name=Johnson>Johnson W (15 Dec 2014) Managing Up Without Sucking Up Harvard Business Review</ref><ref>Price S Ivy Exec Managing Up Without Kissing Up</ref><ref>The Careers Group (2010) Your Academic Career: Managing Professional Relationships University of London</ref>
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