Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec: Difference between revisions

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== Licensing and patent issues ==
AMR codecs incorporate several [[patent]]s of [[Nokia]], [[Ericsson]], [[Nippon Telegraph and Telephone|NTT]] and VoiceAge,<ref name="voiceage-amr_licterms">{{cite web |author=VoiceAge Corporation |publisher=VoiceAge Corporation |url=http://www.voiceage.com/amr_licterms.php |title=AMR Licensing Terms |date=2007-10-14 |accessdate=2009-09-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014162046/http://www.voiceage.com/amr_licterms.php |archivedate=2007-10-14}}</ref><ref name="voiceage-amr_licterms2">{{cite web|author=VoiceAge Corporation |publisher=VoiceAge Corporation |url=http://www.voiceage.com/amr_licterms.php |title=AMR Licensing Terms |date=June 2007 |accessdate=2009-09-12 |deadurlurl-status=yesdead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014162046/http://www.voiceage.com/amr_licterms.php |archivedate=2007-10-14 }}</ref> the last one being the ''License Administrator'' for the AMR [[patent pool]]s. VoiceAge also accepts submission of patents for determination of their possible essentiality to these standards. However, it's very difficult to determine if there were actually any patents in existence for the so-called inventions related to AMR/AMR-WB codecs, since inventors (and their lawyers) do everything they can to hide patents related to AMR/AMR-WB technology{{Citation required|date=February 2016}}. Apparently, all these patents are hidden from all other researches and general audience that could perhaps spot prior art in the claimed "inventions" patented by the patent holders of the AMR/AMR-WB codecs.<ref name="voiceage-licpatentcalls">{{cite web|author=VoiceAge Corporation |publisher=VoiceAge Corporation |url=http://www.voiceage.com/licpatentcalls.php |title=Licensing - Patent Calls |date= |accessdate=2009-09-12 |deadurlurl-status=yesdead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014161420/http://www.voiceage.com/licpatentcalls.php |archivedate=2007-10-14 }}</ref><ref name="archive-licpatentcalls">{{cite web |author=VoiceAge Corporation |publisher=Archive.org |url=http://www.voiceage.com/licpatentcalls.php |title=Licensing - Patent Calls |date=2007-10-14 |accessdate=2009-09-12 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014161420/http://www.voiceage.com/licpatentcalls.php |archivedate = 2007-10-14}}</ref>
 
The initial fee for professional content creation tools and "real-time channel" products is US$6,500.{{When|date=November 2015}} The minimum annual royalty is $10,000, which, in the first year, excludes the initial fee. Per-channel license fees fall from $0.99 to $0.50 with volume, up to a maximum of $2 million annually.<ref name="voiceage-amr_licterms"/><ref name="voiceage-amr_licterms2"/>