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Taiko Hirabayashi (平林 たい子 Hirabayashi Taiko, 3 October 1905 – 17 February 1972) was the pen-name of a Japanese author. Her real name was Hirabayashi Tai.

{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->

| name = Taiko Hirabayashi

| image =

| caption =

| birth_date = {{birth date|1905|10|3|df=y}}

| birth_place = [[Suwa City]], [[Nagano Prefecture]], [[Japan]]

| death_date = {{death date|1972|2|17|df=y}}

| death_place =

| occupation = Writer

| genre =

| movement =

| notableworks =

| influences =

| influenced =

}}

{{japanese name|Hirabayashi}}

{{nihongo|'''Taiko Hirabayashi'''|平林 たい子 ''Hirabayashi Taiko''|extra=3 October 1905 – 17 February 1972}} was the [[pen-name]] of a [[Japanese author]]. Her real name was Hirabayashi Tai.

==Biography==

Contents

Hirabayashi resolved at the age of 12 to become a writer and also developed an interest in [[socialism]] at a young age. After graduating from the Suwa Women’s Higher School in 1922, she moved to [[Tokyo]] and began living with the anarchist [[Toshio Yamamoto (anarchist)|Toshio Yamamoto]]. They went to [[Korea]] together but returned after only one month. They were both arrested in the confusion and clampdowns following the [[1923 Great Kantō earthquake]] and released on condition of leaving Tokyo. She eventually moved to Manchuria and was to give birth in a hospital in Dalian but the child lived for only twenty-four days, dying of malnutrition. Based on this personal experience, she wrote the short story ''In the Charity Hospital'', which established her as a writer of [[proletarian literature]].

1 Biography

2 Literary works

3 See also

4 References

5 Further reading

Hirabayashi Taiko married the novelist and critic [[Jinji Kobori]] in 1927 but divorced in 1955 after discovering that he had an illegitimate child. In 1946 she won the inaugural [[Women's Literature Prize]] with ''Kou iu onna''.

Biography

After the war, she can be seen as a writer of [[Tenko Literature]] (literature based on one's own political apostasy) and showed conservative, anti-communist tendencies. She was also known to be a member of the Democratic Socialist Party.

Hirabayashi resolved at the age of 12 to become a writer and also developed an interest in socialism at a young age. After graduating from the Suwa Women’s Higher School in 1922, she moved to Tokyo and began living with the anarchist Toshio Yamamoto. They went to Korea together but returned after only one month. They were both arrested in the confusion and clampdowns following the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake and released on condition of leaving Tokyo. She eventually moved to Manchuria and was to give birth in a hospital in Dalian but the child lived for only twenty-four days, dying of malnutrition. Based on this personal experience, she wrote the short story In the Charity Hospital, which established her as a writer of proletarian literature.

Her writings were often modelled on her own life or contemporary authors but she also produced various social commentaries and essays. During the war, after receiving help from a gambler named Seiichi Ishiguro (石黒 政一 ''Ishiguro Seiichi''), she became interested in the world of the [[yakuza]] and also wrote novels with a chivalrous spirit such as ''Kokusatsu'' (''黒札'')、''Chitei no Uta'' (''地底の歌'') and ''Nagurareru Aitsu'' (''殴られるあいつ''). In 1967 she won the 7th [[Women's Literature Prize]] with ''Himitsu''.

Hirabayashi Taiko married the novelist and critic Jinji Kobori in 1927 but divorced in 1955 after discovering that he had an illegitimate child. In 1946 she won the inaugural Women's Literature Prize with Kou iu onna.

She was posthumously awarded the ''Nihon geijutsuin shou'' (日本芸術院賞) and the ''Hirabayashi Taiko Prize'' was created in her honour.

After the war, she can be seen as a writer of Tenko Literature (literature based on one's own political apostasy) and showed conservative, anti-communist tendencies. She was also known to be a member of the Democratic Socialist Party.

There is a Hirabayashi Taiko Memorial Museum in Suwa City, [[Fukushima prefecture]].

Her writings were often modelled on her own life or contemporary authors but she also produced various social commentaries and essays. During the war, after receiving help from a gambler named Seiichi Ishiguro (石黒 政一 Ishiguro Seiichi), she became interested in the world of the yakuza and also wrote novels with a chivalrous spirit such as Kokusatsu (黒札)、Chitei no Uta (地底の歌) and Nagurareru Aitsu (殴られるあいつ). In 1967 she won the 7th Women's Literature Prize with Himitsu.

==Literary works==

She was posthumously awarded the Nihon geijutsuin shou (日本芸術院賞) and the Hirabayashi Taiko Prize was created in her honour.

* ''Azakeru'' (嘲る, 1927) - ''Self-Mockery''

* ''Seryoushitsu ni te'' (施療室にて, 1928) - ''In the Charity Hospital''

* ''Shussen ni te'' (1946) - ''Diary of the End of the War''

* ''Hitori yuku'' (一人行く, 1946) - ''I Walk Alone''

* ''Mou chugoku hei'' (1946) - ''Blind Chinese Soldiers''

* ''Kishi mojin'' (1946) - ''The Goddess of Children'' or ''Demon Goddess''

* ''Kau iu onna'' (かういふ女, 1946) - ''This Kind of Woman''

* ''Watashi ha ikiru'' (私は生きる, 1947) - ''I Mean to Live''

* ''Kokusatsu'' (黒札) - ''Black Notes''

* ''Chitei no uta'' (地底の歌, 1948) - ''Song from the Underworld''

* ''Jinsei jikken'' (1948) - ''A Life Experiment''

* ''Hito no inochi'' (1950) - ''A Man's Life''

* ''Nagurareru aitsu'' (殴られるあいつ) - ''The Beaten Man''

* ''Onigo bojin'' (鬼子母神) -

* ''Sabaku no hana'' (砂漠の花, 1957) - ''Flowers in a Desert''

* ''Sono hito to tsuma'' (その人と妻) - ''The Man and His Wife''

* ''Erudorado Akarushi'' (エルドラド明るし)

* ''Fumou'' (1962) - ''Sterility''

* ''Kuroi Nenrei'' (1963) - ''The Black Age''

* ''Haha to iu onna'' (1966) - ''A Woman to Call Mother''

* ''Himitsu'' (秘密, 1967) - ''Secret'' -- won the Women's Literature Prize in 1968.

==See also==

There is a Hirabayashi Taiko Memorial Museum in Suwa City, Fukushima prefecture.

* [[Japanese literature]]

Literary works

* [[List of Japanese authors]]

==References==

Azakeru (嘲る, 1927) - Self-Mockery

{{reflist}}

Seryoushitsu ni te (施療室にて, 1928) - In the Charity Hospital

Shussen ni te (1946) - Diary of the End of the War

Hitori yuku (一人行く, 1946) - I Walk Alone

Mou chugoku hei (1946) - Blind Chinese Soldiers

Kishi mojin (1946) - The Goddess of Children or Demon Goddess

Kau iu onna (かういふ女, 1946) - This Kind of Woman

Watashi ha ikiru (私は生きる, 1947) - I Mean to Live

Kokusatsu (黒札) - Black Notes

Chitei no uta (地底の歌, 1948) - Song from the Underworld

Jinsei jikken (1948) - A Life Experiment

Hito no inochi (1950) - A Man's Life

Nagurareru aitsu (殴られるあいつ) - The Beaten Man

Onigo bojin (鬼子母神) -

Sabaku no hana (砂漠の花, 1957) - Flowers in a Desert

Sono hito to tsuma (その人と妻) - The Man and His Wife

Erudorado Akarushi (エルドラド明るし)

Fumou (1962) - Sterility

Kuroi Nenrei (1963) - The Black Age

Haha to iu onna (1966) - A Woman to Call Mother

Himitsu (秘密, 1967) - Secret -- won the Women's Literature Prize in 1968.

==Further reading==

See also

* Kusakabe, Madoka. "[https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/12084/Kusakabe_Madoka_phd2011su.pdf?sequence=1 Sata Ineko and Hirabayashi Taiko: The Café and ''Jokyû'' as a Stage for Social Criticism]" (PhD thesis) ([http://www.webcitation.org/6TmsB6B6e Archive]). September 2011. Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures and the Graduate School of the [[University of Oregon]].

{{Authority control}}

Japanese literature

List of Japanese authors

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hirabayashi, Taiko}}

References

[[Category:1905 births]]

Further reading

[[Category:1972 deaths]]

[[Category:Japanese socialists]]

Kusakabe, Madoka. "Sata Ineko and Hirabayashi Taiko: The Café and Jokyû as a Stage for Social Criticism" (PhD thesis) (Archive). September 2011. Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon.

[[Category:Japanese women writers]]

[[Category:People from Nagano Prefecture]]

[[Category:20th-century women writers]]

[[Category:20th-century writers]]