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=== OpenAI Five ===
[[OpenAI Five]] is the name of a team of five OpenAI-curated [[video game bot|bots]] that are used in the competitive five-on-five video game ''[[Dota 2]]'', who learn to play against human players at a high skill level entirely through trial-and-error algorithms. Before becoming a team of five, the first public demonstration occurred at [[The International 2017]], the annual premiere championship tournament for the game, where [[Dendi (Dota player)|Dendi]], a professional Ukrainian player
By June 2018, the ability of the bots expanded to play together as a full team of five and were able to defeat teams of amateur and semi-professional players.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Five Benchmark |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-five-benchmark/ |website=blog.openai.com |accessdate=25 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Simonite |first1=Tom |title=Can Bots Outwit Humans in One of the Biggest Esports Games? |url=https://www.wired.com/story/can-bots-outwit-humans-in-one-of-the-biggest-esports-games/ |website=Wired |accessdate=25 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=AI bots trained for 180 years a day to beat humans at Dota 2 |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/25/17492918/openai-dota-2-bot-ai-five-5v5-matches |website=The Verge |accessdate=25 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Savov |first1=Vlad |title=The OpenAI Dota 2 bots just defeated a team of former pros |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/6/17655086/dota2-openai-bots-professional-gaming-ai |website=The Verge |accessdate=August 7, 2018}}</ref> At [[The International 2018]], OpenAI Five played in two exhibition matches against professional players, but ended up losing both games.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Simonite |first1=Tom |title=Pro Gamers Fend off Elon Musk-Backed AI Bots—for Now |url=https://www.wired.com/story/pro-gamers-fend-off-elon-musks-ai-bots/ |website=Wired |accessdate=25 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Quach |first1=Katyanna |title=Game over, machines: Humans defeat OpenAI bots once again at video games Olympics |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/08/24/openai_bots_eliminated_dota_2/ |website=The Register |accessdate=25 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The International 2018: Results |url=https://blog.openai.com/the-international-2018-results/ |website=blog.openai.com |accessdate=25 August 2018}}</ref> In April 2019, OpenAI Five defeated [[OG (esports)|OG]], the reigning world champions of the game at the time, 2:0 in a live exhibition match in San Francisco.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Statt |first1=Nick |title=OpenAI’s Dota 2 AI steamrolls world champion e-sports team with back-to-back victories|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/13/18309459/openai-five-dota-2-finals-ai-bot-competition-og-e-sports-the-international-champion |website=The Verge |accessdate=20 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=How to Train Your OpenAI Five|url=https://openai.com/blog/how-to-train-your-openai-five/ |website=OpenAI Blog |accessdate=20 July 2019}}</ref> The bots' final public appearance came later that month, where they played in 42,729 total games in a four-day open online competition, winning a percentage of 99.4% of games. However, it is important to note that OpenAI only learned a heavily simplified version of Dota, including only 17 out of over 100 heroes and excluding certain items as well as game mechanics.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wiggers |first1=Kyle |title=OpenAI’s Dota 2 bot defeated 99.4% of players in public matches.|url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/04/22/openais-dota-2-bot-defeated-99-4-of-players-in-public-matches/ |website=Venture Beat |accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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