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{{merge from|Sign Stimulus|discuss=Talk:Fixed action pattern#Merger proposal|date=December 2018}}
A '''Fixed action pattern''' is an [[Ethology|ethological]] term describing an [[instinct]]ive behavioral sequence that is highly stereotyped and species-characteristic.<ref name=":03">{{Cite journal|last=Páez-Rondón|first=Oscar|last2=Aldana|first2=Elis|last3=Dickens|first3=Joseph|last4=Otálora-Luna|first4=Fernando|date=May 2018|title=Ethological description of a fixed action pattern in a kissing bug (Triatominae): vision, gustation, proboscis extension and drinking of water and guava|journal=Journal of Ethology|volume=36|issue=2|pages=107–116|doi=10.1007/s10164-018-0547-y|issn=0289-0771}}</ref> Fixed action patterns are said to be produced by the innate releasing mechanism, a "hard-wired" [[neural network]], in response to a [[sign stimulus]] or '''releaser.'''<ref name=":03"/><ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|last=Ronacher|first=Bernhard|date=February 2019|title=Innate releasing mechanisms and fixed action patterns: basic ethological concepts as drivers for neuroethological studies on acoustic communication in Orthoptera|journal=Journal of Comparative Physiology A|volume=205|issue=1|pages=33–50|doi=10.1007/s00359-018-01311-3|issn=0340-7594|pmc=6394777|pmid=30617601}}</ref> Once released, a fixed action pattern runs to completion.<ref name=":03"/>
This term is often associated with [[Konrad Lorenz]], who is the founder of the concept.<ref name=":03"/> Lorenz identified six characteristics of fixed action patterns.<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|title=Studying animal behavior : autobiographies of the founders|date=1989|publisher=University of Chicago Press|others=Dewsbury, Donald A.|isbn=0226144100|___location=Chicago|oclc=19670401}}</ref> These characteristics state that fixed action patterns are stereotyped, complex, species-characteristic, released, triggered, and independent of experience.<ref name=":22" />
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=== Reduced response threshold ===
Fixed action patterns become easier to release as time increases between the last release''.''
=== Vacuum activity ===
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=== Graded response ===
Fixed action patterns may vary in intensity instead of being triggered''.''
== References ==
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