Chemical oxygen generator: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 11:20, 22 December 2019

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| volume = 42

| issue = 11

| pages = 2348–2353;

| year = 1950

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[[potassium chlorate|Potassium]] and [[lithium chlorate]], and [[sodium perchlorate|sodium]], [[potassium perchlorate|potassium]] and [[lithium perchlorate]]s can also be used in oxygen candles.

An explosion caused by one of these candles killed two Royal Navy sailors on {{HMS|Tireless|S88}}, a nuclear-powered submarine, under the Arctic on 21&nbsp;March 2007.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=C. W.|title=Degraded Modes and the ‘Culture'Culture of Coping’Coping' in Military Operations: An Analysis of a Fatal Incident on-board HMS Tireless on 20/21 March 2007|url=http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~johnson/papers/JWSSC2009/Degraded_Modes.pdf}}</ref> The candle had become contaminated with hydraulic oil, which caused the mixture to explode rather than burn.<ref>{{cite web |title = 'Oxygen candle' caused explosion| url = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/03/22/sub_blast_oxy_candle/ | publisher = The Register | last = Page | first = Lewis | date = 22 March 2007 | accessdate = 2013-09-04 }}</ref>

In the [[Vika oxygen generator]] used on some spacecraft, [[lithium perchlorate]] is the source of [[oxygen]]. At 400&nbsp;°C, it releases 60% of its weight as [[oxygen]]:<ref>{{cite journal|title=Lithium Perchlorate Oxygen Candle. Pyrochemical Source of Pure Oxygen|authors=M. M. Markowitz, D. A. Boryta, and Harvey Stewart Jr.|journal=Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.|year=1964|volume=3|issue=4|pages=321–330

|doi=10.1021/i360012a016}}</ref>

:LiClO₄ → LiCl + 2 O₂