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An '''azadithiolate cofactor''' is an [[anion]] with the formula NH(CH<sub>2</sub>S)<sub>2</sub><sup>2−</sup>. It is used as a [[cofactor (biochemistry)|cofactor]] in the [FeFe] [[hydrogenase]]s, [[enzymes|bacterial enzymes]] responsible for the reversible reduction of 2 H<sup>+</sup> to H<sub>2</sub>.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Berggren | first1 = G. | last2 = Adamska | first2 = A. | last3 = Lambertz | first3 = C. | last4 = Simmons | first4 = T. R. | last5 = Esselborn | first5 = J. | last6 = Atta | first6 = A. | last7 = Gambarelli | first7 = S. | last8 = Mouesca | first8 = J.-M. | last9 = Reijerse | first9 = E. | last10 = Lubitz | first10 = W. | last11 = Happe | first11 = T. | last12 = Artero | first12 = V. | last13 = Fontecave | first13 = M. | year = 2013 | title = Biomimetic assembly and activiation of [FeFe]-hydrogenases | url = | journal = Nature | volume = 499 | issue = | page = 66 | doi = 10.1038/nature12239 | pmc = 3793303 | pmid=23803769}}</ref> As a cofactor, the two [[thiol|thiolate]] [[functional group]]s are bound to each of the two irons in the [[active site]] of the enzyme in a [[bridging ligand|bridging fashion]]. The [[amine]] functional group serves as an [[acid-base reaction|acid/base]] to transfer H<sup>+</sup> from the solution to the active site. The proton transfer function of this cofactor is of great importance to the activity of the hydrogenase enzyme, as H<sub>2</sub> evolution will not occur if the amine is not present.
==References==
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