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After Larkin's departure for the United States in 1914 in the wake of the Lockout, [[James Connolly]] led the ITGWU until his execution in 1916 in the wake of the [[Easter Rising]]. In turn, [[William X. O'Brien]] became the union's leading figure, and ultimately served as general secretary for many years. Throughout World War I, the ITGWU consistently opposed Irish belligerence, and staunchly supported the advanced nationalist cause. In fact, ITGWU members, in the uniform of the Irish Citizen Army, played a leading role in the Easter Rising, while the Transport Union led a national strike that crippled an attempt to introduce conscription to Ireland in 1918.<ref>Phelan, Mark, 'World War I and the Legacy of the Dublin Lockout, 1914–1916', in Éire-Ireland (Winter, 2016)</ref>
In 1923, Larkin formed a new union, the [[Workers' Union of Ireland]], to which many of the ITGWU's [[Dublin]] members affiliated.<ref>[http://www.nli.ie/pdfs/mss%20lists/itgwu.pdf Irish Transport and General Workers' Union papers], National Library of Ireland. Retrieved 1 June 2013.</ref> The ITGWU nevertheless remained the dominant force in Irish [[trade unionism]], especially outside the capital. William O'Brien and James Larkin remained bitter personal enemies, and when Larkin and his supporters were readmitted into the [[Labour Party (Ireland)|Labour Party]] in the early 1940s, O'Brien engineered a split in the party, with the new [[National Labour Party (Ireland)|National Labour Party]] claiming that the main party had been infiltrated by [[communist]]s. A further split occurred in the [[Irish
From the 1950s on proposals to merge the two unions were floated. Finally, in 1990, the ITGWU merged with the Workers's Union of Ireland to form [[SIPTU]] (Services, Industrial, Professional and Technical Union).<ref>[http://www.siptu.ie/aboutsiptu/history/ SIPTU about page.]. Retrieved 1 June 2013.</ref>
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