Cell synchronization: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 00:28, 21 October 2019

Revision as of 15:52, 25 January 2020

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==== [[Roscovitine]] ====

Roscovitine can be used to inhibit the activity of [[cyclin-dependent kinase]]s (CDKs) by competing with [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]] in the ATP-binding region of the kinase. Its effects are potent, arresting cells by knocking down the function of CDKs necessary for cell cycle progression. Roscovitine can be used to arrest cells in G0/G1, G1/S, or G2/M transitions.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Azevedo, | first1 = W. F., | last2 = Leclerc, | first2 = S., | last3 = Meijer, | first3 = L., | last4 = Havlicek, | first4 = I., | last5 = Strnad, | first5 = M., and| last6 = Kim, | first6 = S. H. (| year = 1997) | title = Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases by a purine analogs: crystal structure of human cdk2 complexed with roscovitine. ''| url = | journal = Eur. J. Biochem.'' | volume = 243, | issue = | pages = 518–526. }}</ref>

==== [[Colchicine]] ====

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==== [[Hydroxycarbamide|Hydroxyurea]] ====

Hydroxyurea decreases the production of [[Dideoxynucleotide|dNTPs]] by inhibiting the enzyme [[ribonucleotide reductase]]. This serves to halt DNA synthesis by depriving [[DNA polymerase]] of dNTPs at [[replication fork]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Koc|first=Ahmet|last2=Wheeler|first2=Linda J.|last3=Mathews|first3=Christopher K.|last4=Merrill|first4=Gary F.|date=21 October 2003|title=Hydroxyurea Arrests DNA Replication by a Mechanism That Preserves Basal dNTP Pools|url=|journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry|volume=279|pages=223–230|via=|doi=10.1074/jbc.m303952200|pmid=14573610}}</ref> Hydroxyurea is also used to treat certain types of cancer and blood disorders.

==== [[Aphidicolin]] ====

Aphidocolin is a fungus-derived tetracyclic [[diterpenoid]] that acts as a selective inhibitor for [[DNA polymerase alpha|DNA polymerase α]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nagano|first=H|last2=Ikegami|first2=S|date=November 1980|title=Aphidicolin: a specific inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha|url=|journal=Seikagaku: The Journal of Japanese Biomedical Society|volume=52|issue=11|pages=1208–1216|pmid=6790638}}</ref> This enzyme is necessary for replicative DNA synthesis, but does not disrupt DNA repair synthesis or mitochondrial DNA replication.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Sala, | first1 = F., | last2 = Galli, | first2 = M. G., | last3 = Levi, | first3 = M., | last4 = Burroni, | first4 = D., | last5 = Parisi, | first5 = B., | last6 = Pedrali-Noy, | first6 = G., and| last7 = Spadari, | first7 = S. (| year = 1981) | title = Functional roles of the plant alpha-like and gamma-like DNA polymerases. ''| url = | journal = FEBS Lett.'' | volume = 124, | issue = | pages = 112–118. }}</ref>

=== Arrest in G1 ===