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The phoneme ''ⁿd'' is only found in prefixes and does not occur before ''o''. ''h'' is in free variation with ''x'' preceding ''a'' and also does not occur before ''o''. The fricated alveolar and postalveolar series are tend to be realized as slightly retroflex preceding ''i'' and ''e'', though these variants are in free variation with the unretroflexed realizations. The plain alveolar and velar series are slightly fronted preceding ''i'' and ''e'', and slightly backed and rounded preceding ''o''.
===Vowels===
Plains Apache distinguishes four vowel qualities, much like the other Southern Athabaskan languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
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! scope="col" | [[Front vowel|Front]]
! [[Back vowel|Back]]
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Additionally, all vowels may be either short or long and nasal or oral. Length is indicated in the orthography by writing the vowel twice (e.g. ''kóó'', "water"); nasalization is indicated with an [[ogonek]] (e.g. ''nǫ̀ǫ̀'', "earth").
===Syllable Structure===
The Plains Apache syllable is maximally (C)(C)V(:)(C), though initial clusters are rare and must co-occur with a long vowel, making most syllables (C)V(:)(C). All consonants may appear in the syllable onset, although ''l'' and a null onset are not permitted word-initially; only ''d, g, ʔ, s, z, š, ž, h, l,'' and ''ł'' may appear in the syllable coda, whether word-final or not.
==See also==
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