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The second kind of noun bases are compounds, which are formed from two noun stems and sometimes an enclitic of obscure meaning (e.g. ''bí-déé-kòò'' "his tears," from ''déé'', combining form of "eye," and ''kòò'', combining form of "water"). The third kind of noun bases are nominalized verbs or phrases, which may or may not include some kind of a relative enclitic. Examples include ''dáł-ts'ààh'' "zebra, tiger," from the identical verb meaning "marks are on it," and ''hà-ts'í-ɣą̀ą̀s-é'' "badger," from the verb ''hà-ts'í-ɣą̀ą̀s'' "he scratches out" plus the relative enclitic ''-é'' "he who."
=== Verbs ===
Like those of most other Athabaskan languages, Plains Apache verbs are highly morphologically complex, exhibiting polypersonal agreement, rich aspect marking, and the characteristic Athabaskan classifier system. Bittle (1963) identifies 14 positions in the verb template, divided into the verbal base (which defines the lexical meaning of the verb) and paradigmatic prefixes (which inflect the verb for person, number, tense, aspect, mood, and voice). The following verb template table is reproduced from Bittle:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! rowspan="2" |Position
! colspan="2" |Verbal base
! rowspan="2" |Paradigmatic prefixes
|-
!Theme
!Adverbial prefixes
|-
!1
|
|
|Indirect object
|-
!2
|
|Postposition
|
|-
!3
|
|Adverbial prefixes
|
|-
!4
|Theme prefix
|
|
|-
!5
|
|
|Iterative mode
|-
!6
|
|
|Number prefix
|-
!7
|
|
|Direct object
|-
!8
|
|
|Deictic prefixes
|-
!9
|
|Adverbial prefixes
|
|-
!10
|
|
|Tense prefix
|-
!11
|
|
|Modal prefixes
|-
!12
|
|
|Subject pronoun
|-
!13
|
|
|Classifier
|-
!14
|Stem
|
|
|}
==See also==
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