Meta-process modeling: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Meta-levels.svg|thumb|right|320px|Abstraction level for processes.<ref name="Rolland 1993">{{cite conference|author=[[Colette Rolland]] |title=Modeling the Requirements Engineering Process |conference= 3rd European-Japanese Seminar on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases|___location= Budapest, Hungary |date=June 1993 |citeseerx = 10.1.1.29.8738 |author-link=Colette Rolland }}</ref>]]

'''Meta-process modeling''' is a type of [[metamodeling]] used in [[software engineering]] and [[systems engineering]] for the analysis and construction of models applicable and useful to some predefined problems.

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The assembly technique is based on the idea of a process repository from which process components can be selected. Rolland (1998) lists two selection strategies:<ref name="Rolland 1998" />

#Promoting a ''global'' analysis of the project on hand based on contingency criteria (Example Van Slooten 1996<ref name="Van Slooten 1996">{{cite book |author1=K. Van Slooten |author2=B. Hodes |chapter= Characterising IS development project |title=IFIP WG 8.1 Conf. on Method Engineering|publisher= Chapman and Hall |pages= 29–44|year= 1996 | ___location=London | isbn=978-0-412-79750-7 |title-link=IFIP WG 8.1 }}</ref>)

#Using the notion of descriptors<ref name="Antonellis 1991">V. De Antonellis, B. Pernici, P. Samarati. F-ORM METHOD: A methodology for reusing specifications. In Object Oriented Approach in Information Systems. Van Assche F., Moulin B., C Rolland (eds), North Holland, 1991</ref> as a means to describe process chunks. This eases the retrieval of components meeting the requirements of the user / matching with the situation at hand.<ref name="Rolland 1996b">{{cite book |author1=Rolland, Colette |author2=Prakash, Naveen |lastauthoramp=yes | chapter = A proposal for context-specific method engineering | title = Proceedings of the IFIP TC8, WG8.1/8.2 working conference on method engineering on Method engineering : principles of method construction and tool support | year = 1996 |isbn = 978-0-412-79750-7 |pages = 191–208 | publisher = Chapman & Hall | ___location = London }}</ref> (Example Plihon 1995<ref name="Plihon 1995">{{cite book | author=V. Plihon, [[C. Rolland]] |title= Modelling Ways-of-Working |journal= Proc 7th Int. Conf. On Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAISE) |volume= 932 |publisher= Springer Verlag |year= 1995 |doi=10.1007/3-540-59498-1 | pages=126–139 | url= https://doi.org/10.1007%2F3-540-59498-1_242 |series= Lecture Notes in Computer Science |isbn= 978-3-540-59498-7 }}</ref> in NATURE<ref name="NATURE" /> and repository of scenario based approaches accessible on Internet in the CREWS project<ref name="CREWS">[http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/CREWS CREWS project homepage (Cooperative Requirements Engineering With Scenarios)]</ref><ref name="Rolland 1998b">{{cite journal| author=[[C. Rolland]], C. Ben Achour, C. Cauvet, J. Ralyté, A. Sutcliffe, N.A.M. Maiden, M. Jarke, P. Haumer, [[Klaus Pohl (computer scientist)|K. Pohl]], Dubois, P. Heymans | title= A proposal for a scenario classification framework | journal=Requirements Engineering Journal| volume= 3 | issue=1| pages=23–47 | year= 1998 | doi=10.1007/BF02802919 |citeseerx = 10.1.1.30.5360 }}</ref>)

For the assembly technique to be successful, it is necessary that process models are modular. If the assembly technique is combined with the instantiation technique then the meta-model must itself be modular.<ref name="Rolland 1998" />

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#It forces to look for and introduce, in the process meta-model, generic solutions to problems and this makes the derived process models inherit the solution characteristics.

"The instantiation technique has been used, for example, in NATURE,<ref name="NATURE">[http://www-i5.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/PROJEKTE/NATURE/nature.html NATURE project homepage (Novel Approaches to Theories Underlying Requirements Engineering)]</ref> Rolland 1993,<ref name="Rolland 1993" /> Rolland 1994,<ref name="Rolland 1994">{{cite journal|author=[[C. Rolland]] |title= A Contextual Approach to modeling the Requirements Engineering Process |journal=6th Intl. Conf. On Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering |___location= Jurmala, Latvia |date= June 1994 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.52.9389 |author-link= C. Rolland }}</ref> and Rolland 1996.<ref name="Rolland 1996">{{cite book | doi = 10.1109/ICRE.1996.491442 | title = Using generic method chunks to generate process models fragments | year = 1996 | last1 = Rolland | first1 = C. | last2 = Plihon | first2 = V. | pages = 173–180 | journal=Second International Conference on Requirements Engineering (ICRE'96)| isbn = 978-0-8186-7252-1 }}</ref> The process engineer must define the instances of contexts and relationships that comprise the process model of interest."<ref name="Rolland 1998" />

=== Language ===

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=== Tool support ===

The meta-modeling process is often supported through software tools, called CAME tools (Computer Aided Method Engineering) or [[MetaCASE tool]]s (Meta-level Computer Assisted Software Engineering tools).

Often the instantiation technique "has been utilised to build the repository of Computer Aided Method Engineering environments".<ref name="Rolland 1998" /><ref name="Kelly 1996">{{cite book | doi = 10.1007/3-540-61292-0 | title=MetaEdit+ A fully configurable multi-user and multi-tool CASE and CAME environment | publisher=Springer |___location=Heidelberg | volume =1080 |year=1996 |pages=1–21 | series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science | isbn=978-3-540-61292-6 }}</ref><ref name="Harmsen 1995">{{cite book | doi=10.1109/APSEC.1995.496992 | chapter=Design and implementation of a method base management system for a situational CASE environment | year=1995 | last1=Harmsen | first1=F. | title=Proceedings 1995 Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference | last2=Brinkkemper | first2=S. | pages=430–438 |chapter-url=http://doc.utwente.nl/19431/ | isbn=978-0-8186-7171-5 | url=https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/design-and-implementation-of-a-method-base-management-system-for-a-situational-case-environment(0a0f863d-3ac2-4540-94cf-962270ebdff1).html }}</ref><ref name="Merbeth 1991">G. Merbeth. Maestro II- das intergrierte CASE-system von Softlab, CASE systeme and Werkzeuge (Ed. H. Balzert) BI Wissenschaftsverlag, pp 319-336, 1991</ref><ref name="Si-Said 1997">{{cite book | doi= 10.1007/BFb0022072 | chapter= Guidance for requirements engineering processes | year= 1997 | last1= Si-Said | first1= Samira | title= Database and Expert Systems Applications | last2= Rolland | first2= Colette | volume= 1308 | pages= 643–652 |publisher=Springer |___location=Heidelberg | series= Lecture Notes in Computer Science | isbn= 978-3-540-63478-2 }}</ref>

Example tools for meta-process modeling are:<ref name="Rolland 1997">{{cite book |author=[[C. Rolland]] |chapter=A Primer for Method Engineering | title= Proceedings of the INFORSID Conference (INFormatique des ORganisations et Systemes d'Information et de Decision), Toulouse, France |date=June 10–13, 1997 |isbn=978-0-412-79750-7 |publisher=Chapman & Hall |chapter-url=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=278338 |pages=1–7 |author-link=C. Rolland }}</ref>

*Maestro II<ref name="Merbeth 1991" />

*'''[[MetaEdit+]]'''<ref name="Kelly 1996" />