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| pages=2395–2410
| doi=10.1016/s0009-2509(02)00140-9
}}</ref> describe discrete particle-continuum fluid modelling of gas-solid fluidised beds. Further applications of XDEM include thermal conversion of biomass on a backward and forward acting grate. Heat transfer in thermal/reacting particulate systems was also solved and investigated, as comprehensively reviewed by Peng et al.<ref name="Peng">{{cite journal |last1=Peng |first1=Z. |last2=Doroodchi |first2=E. |last3=Moghtaderi |first3=B. |date=2020 |title=Heat transfer modelling in Discrete Element Method (DEM)-based simulations of thermal processes: Theory and model development |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100847 |journal=Progress in Energy and Combustion Science |volume=79,100847 |doi=10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100847}}</ref>. The [[deformation (engineering)|deformation]] of a conveyor belt due to impacting [[granular material]] that is discharged over a chute represents an application in the field of [[Stress (mechanical)|stress]]/[[Deformation (mechanics)|strain]] analysis.
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