The '''Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS''' ('''CPCRA''') was a programmeprogram sponsored by [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1007/BF01964462|title = Clinical programs for clinical research on AIDS: Description of a randomized prospective study of clindamycin versus pyrimethamine for prevention of ''Toxoplasma'' gondii infection| journal=European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases| volume=10| issue=3| pages=195–198|year = 1991|last1 = Jacobson|first1 = M. A.| last2=Besch| first2=C. L.| last3=Child| first3=C.| last4=Hafner| first4=R.| last5=Muth| first5=K.| last6=Deyton| first6=L.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |journal=Health Soc Work |date=November 1998 |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=290–7 |title=Community advisory boards: their role in AIDS clinical trials. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS |last1=Cox |first1=LE |last2=Rouff |first2=JR |last3=Svendsen |first3=KH |last4=Markowitz |first4=M |last5=Abrams |first5=DI |doi=10.1093/hsw/23.4.290 |pmid=9834882 |access-date=2016-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427095424/http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It beganStarted in 1989, andCPCRA was instrumental in some research databases being established. Research from the programs assisted the evaluation of therapies for treating [[HIV ]] in diverse populations. ▼{{Underlinked|date=November 2015}}
▲The '''Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS''' ('''CPCRA''') was a programme sponsored by [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1007/BF01964462|title = Clinical programs for clinical research on AIDS: Description of a randomized prospective study of clindamycin versus pyrimethamine for prevention of ''Toxoplasma'' gondii infection| journal=European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases| volume=10| issue=3| pages=195–198|year = 1991|last1 = Jacobson|first1 = M. A.| last2=Besch| first2=C. L.| last3=Child| first3=C.| last4=Hafner| first4=R.| last5=Muth| first5=K.| last6=Deyton| first6=L.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |journal=Health Soc Work |date=November 1998 |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=290–7 |title=Community advisory boards: their role in AIDS clinical trials. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS |last1=Cox |first1=LE |last2=Rouff |first2=JR |last3=Svendsen |first3=KH |last4=Markowitz |first4=M |last5=Abrams |first5=DI |doi=10.1093/hsw/23.4.290 |pmid=9834882 |access-date=2016-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427095424/http://cpcra.s-3.com/docs/pubs/papers/Method-Cox.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It began in 1989, and was instrumental in some research databases being established. Research from the programs assisted the evaluation of therapies for HIV in diverse populations.
==History==
The CPCRA was established in 1989<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aspe.hhs.gov/report/inventory-federally-sponsored-hiv-and-hiv-relevant-databases/database-terry-beirn-community-programs-clinical-research-aids-cpcra-observational-data-base-odb |title=An inventory of federally sponsored HIV and HIV-relevant databases. Database:Terry Beirn community programs for clinical research on AIDS (CPCRA) observational database (ODB) |publisher=[[Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation]] (ASPE) |date=7 January 2000 |accessdate=21 April 2016}}</ref> and included 15 research units. A Statistical Center at the [[University of Minnesota]] was funded from 1990 to 1997.<ref>[http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/N01-AI005073-017 research grant information]</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.rdatlas.com/portal/portal.cfm?page=grants&applicationid=2296440 | title=RDAtlas}}</ref>
The CPCRA was one of four networks that NIH was using to conduct [[Clinical trial|clinical trials]] that were looking to understand possible therapies for people with HIV infection.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/123/niaid-research-on-aids |title=NIAID Research on AIDS |publisher=aidsinfo.nih.gov |date= 1 January 1995 |accessdate=22 April 2016}}</ref> Th CPCRA network was community-based with access to diverse populations across the spectrum of HIV diseases..."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cpcra.s-3.com/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-08-08 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130201184215/http://cpcra.s-3.com/ |archive-date=2013-02-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The overall objective of the CPCRA is to design studies of sufficient size and duration of follow up to evaluate the long-term benefits and [[unintended consequence]]s of various treatment strategies using available agents to assess long-term [[Immunology|immunologic]], [[virology]] and clinical outcomes. CPCRA trials are designed with nested sub-studies aimed at understanding the [[pathogenesis]] of HIV infection and the public health implications of its treatment.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niaid.nih.gov/DAIDs/pdatguide/cpcra.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=April 17, 2007 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703233645/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/daids/PDATguide/cpcra.htm |archivedate=July 3, 2007 }}</ref>
By 2001, CPCRA had 4,244 people participating in their studies, with trials underway in 17 cities.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/news/41/hiv-infection-in-minority-populations |title=HIV Infections in Minority Populations |publisher=aidsinfo.nih.gov |date =1 June 2002 |accessdate=22 April 2016}}</ref>
==Research==
An [[antiretroviral]] medication self-reporting questionnaire was developed by the programmeprogram.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/8/1115.full |title=The Consistency of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Predicts Biologic Outcomes for Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Infected Persons in Clinical Trials |first1=Sharon |last1=Mannheimer |first2=Gerald |last2=Friedland |first3=John |last3=Matts |first4=Carroll |last4=Child |first5=Margaret |last5=Chesney |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |year=2002 |volume=34 |issue=8 |pages=1115–21 |doi=10.1086/339074 |pmid=11915001|doi-access=free }}</ref>
The programmeprogram organised the 058 FIRST (Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies) trial: a large, long-term, randomised, prospective comparison of three different [[antiretroviral]] strategies in [[highly active antiretroviral therapy]]-naïve, HIV-1-infected persons.<ref>{{cite journal |url= |title=The rationale and design of the CPCRA (Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS) 058 FIRST (Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies) trial |last1=MacArthur |first1=RD |last2=Chen |first2=L |last3=Mayers |first3=DL |last4=Besch |first4=CL |last5=Novak |first5=R |last6=van den Berg-Wolf |first6=M |last7=Yurik |first7=T |last8=Peng |first8=G |last9=Schmetter |first9=B |last10=Brizz |first10=B |last11=Abrams |first11=D |journal=Control Clin Trials |date=April 2001 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=176–90 |doi=10.1016/S0197-2456(01)00111-8|pmid=11306155 }}</ref>
==References==
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