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In 1991, USL forged an arrangement with the French company [[Chorus Systèmes SA]] to engage in cooperative work on the [[ChorusOS|Chorus]] [[microkernel]] technology, with the idea of supporting SVR4 on a microkernel and thereby making it more scalable and better suited for parallel and distributed applications.<ref name="en-1991"/><ref name="pcw-1993"/> As part of this, USL took a $1 million stake in Chorus Systèmes.<ref name="en-1991">{{cite news | author-last=Khermouch | author-first=Gerry | title=USL backs French firm's Microkernel | magazine=Electronic News | date=November 25, 1991 | page= 13 | via= Gale General OneFile | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A11521898/ITOF?u=wikipedia&sid=ITOF&xid=50f6313d }}</ref> Much of the USL Chorus work was done at the USL Europe facility in London.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/6603/es | title=An Industry Project to Progress Microkernel-based Open Operating Systems for the 1990s | publisher=Community Research and Development Information Service | work=Resultados de investigaciones de la UE | date=June 17, 1994 | access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref> By 1993 the work was still ongoing, with questions of industry standardization of interfaces arising.<ref>{{cite news | url=<!-- https://www.cbronline.com/news/chorus_systemes_takes_the_initiative_in_establishing_a_microkernel_compatibility_effort/ -->| title=Chorus Systemes takes the initiative in establishing a microkernel compatibility effort | work=Computergram International | publisher=Computer Business Review | date=June 16, 1993}}</ref> [[Unisys]] was also part of the collaboration effort.<ref name="pcw-1993"/> Announcements made during 1993 promised an OEM release in 1994 and a general availability release in 1995.<ref name="pcw-1993">{{cite news | author-last=Foley | author-first=Mary Jo | title=USL, Chorus outline plans for microkernel release of Unix SVR4 | magazine=PC Week | date= June 14, 1993 | page= 60| via=Gale General OneFile | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A13938479/ITOF?u=wikipedia&sid=ITOF&xid=deeb8d72 }}</ref>
This was part of the larger [[Ouverture project]], a $14 million effort that was itself part of the [[European Strategic Program on Research in Information Technology]] (ESPRIT), overseen by the [[European Commission]].<ref>{{cite news | author-last=Van Tyle | author-first=Sherry | title=PC fault-tolerant Unix-based system runs on a modular microkernel architecture | magazine= Electronic Design | date= October 15, 1992 | page=34 | via= Gale General OneFile | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A14402019/ITOF?u=wikipedia&sid=ITOF&xid=ede270b7 }}</ref>
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Novell created the Unix Systems Group to contain the new business, which also absorbed the Univel venture.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbronline.com/news/novell_formally_announces_the_unix_systems_group |title=Novell formally announces the Unix Systems Group |work=Computergram International |publisher=Computer Business Review |date=July 7, 1993 }}</ref>
Rekhi was named as the head of the Unix Systems Group.<ref name="nyt-roel-out"/> Pieper, who had been assigned under Rekhi with little role to play, soon departed, leaving Novell in August 1993.<ref name="cw-roel-out">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PgsZJgu-zDkC&pg=PA16 | title=News Shorts: Pieper bids adieu | newspaper=Computerworld | date=September 6, 1993 | page=16}}</ref><ref name="nyt-roel-out">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/31/business/company-news-standard-set-for-unix-interface.html | title=Novell Unix Official Out | newspaper=The New York Times | date=August 31, 1993 | page=57}}</ref>
The USL Europe office in London was moved into Novell's facility in [[Bracknell, Berkshire]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/novell-continues-restructuring--5894 | title=Novell Continues Restructuring | publisher=Telecompaper | date=September 10, 1993}}</ref> The Chorus work it was doing became the basis for the Novell "[[SuperNOS]]", a project to create a microkernel-based, UnixWare–NetWare hybrid, network operating system.<ref>{{cite news | url=<!--BD https://www.cbronline.com/news/novell_ready_to_embark_on_the_road_to_object_orientation/ --> | title=Novell ready to embark on the road to object orientation | work=Computergram International | publisher=Computer Business Review | date=April 11, 1995}}</ref>
== Legacy ==
The acquisition of USL never really worked out for Novell,<ref name="crn-news"/> and was followed by Novell's misguided acquisitions of [[WordPerfect]] and [[Quattro Pro]] in another attempt to compete head-to-head with Microsoft.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/01/business/novell-to-sell-wordperfect-for-115-million.html | title=Novell to Sell Wordperfect for $115 Million | first=Lawrence M. | last=Fisher | newspaper=The New York Times | date=February 1, 1996}}</ref> In particular, the "SuperNOS" project never achieved fruition.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.deseret.com/2004/3/29/19819824/novell-regaining-prior-glory | title=Novell regaining prior glory | author-first=David L. | author-last=Politis | newspaper=Deseret News | date=March 29, 2004}}</ref>
Novell announced the sale of Unix to the [[Santa Cruz Operation]], coincident with a licensing arrangement with [[Hewlett Packard]], in September 1995.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5w4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA134 | title=UnixWare survives through sale, licensing deal | magazine=Network World | date=September 25, 1995 | page=134}}</ref> Following another change of ownership, the renamed [[The SCO Group]] and the Unix System V source base became elements of the [[SCO–Linux disputes]].<ref name="crn-news"/>
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