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[[File:Indonesian matchlock 19th century.jpg|thumb|300x300px|19th century [[Indonesia|Indonesian]] matchlock, this weapon is smaller and shorter than the Java arquebus, but with similar mechanism. ]]
'''Java arquebus''' refer to long primitive [[firearm]] from [[Nusantara|Indonesian archipelago]], dating back to the last quarter of 15th century. The weapon was used by local armies, albeit in low number compared to total fighting men,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Tarling|first=Nicholas|title=The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1999|isbn=9780521663700|___location=|pages=}}</ref>{{Rp|43}} before the arrival of [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberian]] explorers ([[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] and [[Spaniards|Spaniard]]) in the 16th century. In historical records the weapon may be classified as [[arquebus]] or [[musket]].<ref group="Note">Musket originally refers to a heavier variant of the arquebus, capable of penetrating heavy armor (see Arnold, 2001, ''The Renaissance at War'', p. 75-78). Java arquebus is larger than ordinary arquebus and has good penetration ability.</ref>
== Etymology ==
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- Serat Darmagandhul</blockquote>
[[File:Indonesian matchlock firing mechanism.jpg|thumb|Detail of the firing mechanism.]]
This type of arquebus have similarity to the Vietnamese arquebus of the 17th century. The weapon is very long, may reach 2.2 m in length, and had its own folding bipod.<ref name=":0" /> Tome Pires' 1515 account tells the army of Gusti Pati, viceroy of Batara Brawijaya, numbered 200,000 men, 2,000 of which are horsemen and 4,000 [[Musketeer|musketeers]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Pires|first=Tome|title=Suma Oriental|publisher=The Hakluyt Society|isbn=9784000085052}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Duarte Barbosa ca. 1510 said that the inhabitants of Java are great masters in casting artillery and very good artillerymen. They make many one-pounder cannons (cetbang or [[Lantaka|rentaka]]), long muskets, ''spingarde'' (arquebus), ''schioppi'' (hand cannon), [[Greek fire]], guns (cannons), and other fire-works. Every place are considered excellent in casting artillery, and in the knowledge of using it.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Barosa|first=Duarte|title=A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century|publisher=The Hakluyt Society|year=1866}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Partington|first=J. R.|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=fNZBSqd2cToC&pg=PA224&lpg=PA224&dq=muhammad,+the+king+of+java,+has+8000+cannon&source=bl&ots=VpOdV3xt0G&sig=ACfU3U2GIinrhq2PGIduAOkNmI2a8mOGeA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjxg-vphKzpAhWWf30KHR8EDa8Q6AEwAHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=java&f=false|title=A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder|date=1999|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-5954-0|language=en}}</ref>
=== Malay peninsula ===
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