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===Baculovirus===
[[Baculovirus]], a rod-shaped virus which infects insect cells, is used as the expression vector in this system.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS)|author=Mckenzie, Samuel|date=February 26, 2019|website=news-medical.net|url=https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/The-Baculovirus-Expression-Vector-System-(BEVS).aspx}}</ref> Insect cell lines derived from [[Lepidopteran]]s (moths and butterflies), such as ''[[Spodoptera frugiperda]]'', are used as host. A cell line derived from the [[cabbage looper]] is of particular interest, as it has been developed to grow fast and without the expensive serum normally needed to boost cell growth.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=HINK|first=W. F.|date=1970-05-02|title=Established Insect Cell Line from the Cabbage Looper, Trichoplusia ni|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=226|issue=5244|pages=466–467|doi=10.1038/226466b0|pmid=16057320|issn=1476-4687|bibcode=1970Natur.226..466H}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Zheng GL, Zhou HX, Li CY |date=2014|title= Serum-free culture of the suspension cell line QB-Tn9-4s of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, is highly productive for virus replication and recombinant protein expression|journal= Journal of Insect Science |volume=14|issue=1|page=24 |pmid= 25373171 |pmc=4199540|doi=10.1093/jis/14.1.24}}</ref> The [[shuttle vector]] is called bacmid, and gene expression is under the control of a strong promoter pPolh.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tools.invitrogen.com/content/sfs/manuals/bevtest.pdf |title=Guide to Baculovirus Expression Vector Systems (BEVS) and Insect Cell Culture Techniques|work=Invitrogen }}</ref> Baculovirus has also been used with mammalian cell lines in the [[BacMam]] system.<ref name="Kost2002"/>
Baculovirus is normally used for production of [[glycoproteins]], although the glycosylations may be different from those found in vertebrates. In general, it is safer to use than mammalian virus as it has a limited host range and does not infect vertebrates without modifications.
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