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m complementary determining regions ----> complementarity determining regions |
m mentioned chimeric antigen receptor |
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This protein retains the specificity of the original immunoglobulin, despite removal of the constant regions and the introduction of the linker.<ref name="Peterson" /> The image to the right shows how this modification usually leaves the specificity unaltered.
These molecules were created to facilitate [[phage display]], where it is highly convenient to express the [[Fragment antigen-binding|antigen-binding ___domain]] as a single peptide. As an alternative, scFv can be created directly from [[subcloning|subcloned]] heavy and light chains derived from a [[hybridoma]]. ScFvs have many uses, e.g., [[flow cytometry]], [[immunohistochemistry]], and as antigen-binding domains of [[artificial T cell receptors]] (chimeric antigen receptor).
Unlike [[monoclonal antibodies]], which are often produced in mammalian cell cultures, scFvs are more often produced in bacteria cell cultures such as ''[[E. coli]]''.<ref name="Peterson">{{cite journal|title=Monoclonal Antibody Form and Function: Manufacturing the Right Antibodies for Treating Drug Abuse|last=Peterson|first=Eric|journal=AAPS Journal|year=2006|volume=8|issue=2|pages=E383–E390|url=http://www.aapsj.org/view.asp?art=aapsj080243|doi=10.1208/aapsj080243|pmid=16796389|last2=Owens|first2=SM|last3=Henry|first3=RL|pmc=3231570}}</ref>
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