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Added references to support the expanded definition, which emphasizes "iterative engineering" (e.g., see slide 29 in 2016 talk). |
Deleted the last line because computer science contributions to learning sciences are not distinct to learning engineering -- they have been present in the long-standing fields of Learning Science (see the ICLS conference) and AI in Education. |
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{{distinguish|Engineering education}}
'''Learning engineering''' is an interdisciplinary field that employs an iterative design process for improving learning, driven by [[learning sciences]] theory and by data from [[learning analytics]], [[design-based research]], and rapid large-scale experimentation.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Dede|first1=Chris|last2=Richards|first2=John|last3=Saxberg|first3=Bror|date=2018|title=Learning Engineering for Online Education: Theoretical Contexts and Design-Based Examples|url=https://www.routledge.com/Learning-Engineering-for-Online-Education-Theoretical-Contexts-and-Design-Based/Dede-Richards-Saxberg/p/book/9780815394426|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-07-21|website=Routledge & CRC Press|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite document|last=Saxberg|first=Bror|s2cid=12156278|date=April 2017|title=Learning Engineering {{!}} Proceedings of the Fourth (2017) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale|language=EN|doi=10.1145/3051457.3054019}}</ref><ref>{Cite document|last=Koedinger|first=Ken|s2cid=29186611|date=April 2016|title=Learning Engineering {{!}} Proceedings of the Third (2016) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale|language=EN|doi=10.1145/2876034.2876054}</ref> According to the [[IEEE Standards Association]]'s IC Industry Consortium on Learning Engineering, <em>Learning Engineering is a process and practice that applies the learning sciences using human-centered engineering design methodologies and data-informed decision making to support learners and their development.</em><ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=IEEE ICICLE {{!}} a volunteer professional organization committed to the development of Learning Engineering as a profession and as an academic discipline.|url=https://sagroups.ieee.org/icicle/}}</ref>
== History ==
[[Herbert A. Simon|Herbert Simon]], a [[Cognitive psychology|cognitive psychologist]] and [[economist]], first coined the term “learning engineering” in 1967.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Simon|first=Herbert A.|date=Winter 1967|title=The Job of a College President|url=http://digitalcollections.library.cmu.edu/awweb/awarchive?type=file&item=33692|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Carnegie Mellon University University Libraries - Digital Collections}}</ref> However, associations between the two terms “learning” and “engineering” began emerging earlier, in the 1940s<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Watters|first=Audrey|date=2019-07-12|title=The History of the Future of the 'Learning Engineer'|url=http://hackeducation.com/2019/07/12/learning-engineers|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-07-21|website=Hack Education|language=en-US}}</ref> and as early as the 1920s.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last1=Wilcox|first1=Karen E.|last2=Sarma|first2=Sanjay|last3=Lippel|first3=Philip|date=April 2016|title=Online Education: A Catalyst for Higher Education Reforms|url=https://oepi.mit.edu/files/2016/09/MIT-Online-Education-Policy-Initiative-April-2016.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=MIT Online Education Policy Initiative}}</ref> Simon argued that the social sciences, including the field of education, should be approached with the same kind of mathematical principles as other fields like physics and engineering.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1978|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1978/simon/biographical/|access-date=2020-07-21|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US}}</ref>
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