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He is best known for the paper ''Nuclear power the energy balance'' that he wrote with Philip Smith (also named ''Stormsmith studies''), where they analyzed the energy payback from the entire nuclear power system. The energy inputs were calculated based on various assumptions and guesses about the technologies used in uranium production, rather than actually measuring them. They concluded that the major parameter determining the energy balance was the grade of the uranium ore, and ore grades lower than 180 ppm do not yield an energy gain when used in the nuclear fuel cycle.<ref name=original/>
The study was heavily criticized, such as a rebuttal by researchers from the [[Paul Scherrer Institute]].<ref>http://gabe.web.psi.ch/pdfs/Critical%20note%20GHG%20PSI.pdf Dones, Roberto, 2007. Critical note on the estimation by storm van Leeuwen J.W. and Smith P. of the energy uses and corresponding CO2 emissions from the complete nuclear energy chain. Paul Scherrer Institute Policy Report, April |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011225201/http://gabe.web.psi.ch/pdfs/Critical%20note%20GHG%20PSI.pdf |archive-date=10 Oct 2011 |url-status=dead</ref>
With further criticism from Sevior and Flitney who issued the following statement:<ref name=ninfo/><ref name=wna/>
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