PC-based IBM mainframe-compatible systems: Difference between revisions

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In 1984, IBM introduced the IBM Personal Computer AT/370<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/documents/pdf/1970-1984.pdf |title=IBM Highlights, 1970-1984 |publisher=IBM}}</ref> with similar cards as for the XT/370 and updated software, supporting both larger hard disks and <!-- 16-bit Dubious, see talk --> DMA transfers from the 3277 card to the AT/370 Processor card. The system was almost 60% faster than the XT/370.<ref name=Mueller92/> The AT/370 used different, 16-bit interface co-processing cards than the XT, called PC/370-P2 and PC/370-M2. The latter card still had only 512&nbsp;KB for memory, out of which 480&nbsp;KB were usable for programs in S/370 mode, while 32&nbsp;KB were reserved for microcode storage. For the terminal emulation function, the AT/370 came with the same 3278/79 Emulation Adapter as the late-series XT/370. The AT/370 motherboard itself was equipped with 512&nbsp;KB of RAM.<ref name="pc-service-information-manual"/>{{rp|9-26 to 9-28}}
 
The AT/370 also ran VM/PC, but with PC DOS 3.0 instead of 2.10 that the XT version used.<ref>Virtual Machine/Personal Computer User's Guide, p. 1-3, IBM publication number 6137739, December 1984</ref> VM/PC version 2, launched in November 1985, improved performance by up to 50%; it allowed add-on memory (in addition to the disk) to be used as a [[page cache]] for VM.<ref name="Gallant">{{cite bookjournal|author=John Gallant|title=IBM exploiting AT/370 ability|journal=Computerworld : The Newsweekly of Information Systems Management|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUMIDEwANHgC&pg=PA25|date=25 November 1985|publisher=Computerworld|pages=25, 29|issn=0010-4841}}</ref>
 
A November 1985 ''[[Computerworld]]'' article noted that the machine was "slow selling".<ref name="Gallant"/>
 
===IBM 7437 VM/SP Technical Workstation===
In April 1988, IBM introduced a System/370 [[workstation]] that had been shipping to some customers since August 1987.<ref>{{cite magazine | last=Cortino | first=Juli | title=IBM 'personal mainframe' goes public this summer | magazine=PC Week | volume=6 | issue=16 | date=1989-04-24}}</ref> Officially called the IBM 7437 VM/SP Technical Workstation (and later also known as the Personal System/370), it was a freestanding tower that connected to a [[Micro Channel architecture|MCA]] card installed in a [[IBM Personal System/2|PS/2]] Model 60, 70, or 80. The 7437 tower contained the processor and a 16{{nbsp}}main memory, and the PS/2 provided I/O and disk storage.<ref name=Cain>{{cite magazine | last=Cain | first=Matthew | title=IBM quietly sells a VM workstation: single-user system | magazine=MIS Week | volume=9 | issue=45 | date=1988-11-07 | page=8}}</ref> The 7437 ran the IBM [[VM/SP]] operating system, and one IBM representative described the 7437 "like a [[IBM 9370|9370]] with a single terminal". It was intended for existing S/370 users and its November 1988 list price was $18,100 for a minimum 25-unit order.<ref>{{citation | lastlast1=Fisher | firstfirst1=Sharon | last2=LaPlante | first2=Alice | title=IBM's VM/SP Device Cuts Mainframe Load | periodical=InfoWorld | volume=10 | issue=45 | page=113 | date=1988-11-07 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RzsEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PT112&dqq=ibm%207437&pg=PT112#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> One of its intended roles was to provide a single-user S/370-compatible computer that could run [[computer-aided design]] and [[Computer-aided engineering|engineering]] applications that originated on IBM mainframes such as [[CADAM]] and [[CATIA]]. Graphics support was provided by an IBM 5080 graphics system, a floor-standing tower. The 5080 was connected to the 7437 through the PS/2 via a cable and MCA adapter.<ref>{{cite magazine | last=Smalley | first=Eric | title=Quiet IBM Entry Lets Users Run VM on Desk Top | magazine=Digital Review | volume=5 | issue=22 | date=1989-11-21 | page=19}}</ref>
 
===Personal/370===
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Although a single-card product, the P/370 ran three times faster than the 7437, attaining 3.5&nbsp;MIPS, on par with a low-end [[IBM 4381]].<ref name="Savit1993">{{cite book|author=Jeffrey Savit|title=VM/CMS: Concepts and Facilities|year=1993|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-054977-7|page=40}}</ref> A subsequent book (by the same author) claims 4.1&nbsp;MIPS for the P/370.<ref name="PrasadSavit1994">{{cite book|author1=Nallur S. Prasad|author2=Jeffrey Savit|title=IBM mainframes: architecture and design|year=1994|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-050691-6|page=327}}</ref>
 
The Personal/370 was available as early as November 1989 although on a "special bid basis".<ref>{{cite bookjournal|title=IBM|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qDAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT120|date=20 November 1989|publisherjournal=InfoWorld|page=105|issn=0199-6649}}</ref>
 
==System/390==