Gillham code: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 01:04, 22 November 2020

Revision as of 14:17, 10 December 2020

Line 297:

<ref name="Stewart_2010">{{cite web |title=Aviation Gray Code: Gillham Code Explained |date=2010-12-03 |author-first=K. |author-last=Stewart |publisher=Custom Computer Services (CCS) |url=http://www.ccsinfo.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=140960#140960 |access-date=2018-01-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116184525/http://www.ccsinfo.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=140960 |archive-date=2018-01-16}}</ref>

<ref name="CS_1963">{{cite journal |title=Beacon Encoder |journal=Computer Design (Cd) |publisher=Computer Design Publishing Corporation |date=September 1963 |volume=2 |number=9 |issn=0010-4566 |oclc=802774218 |id=Circle No. 169 |___location=Massachusetts, USA |page=45 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=npg_AQAAIAAJ |access-date=2018-01-16 |quote=[…] Output code of a new Beacon encoder is known as the Gillham code, a modified [[Gray code]] designed to be compatible with both American and European traffic systems. […]}}</ref>

<ref name="CE_1963">{{cite journal |title=New Products |journal=Control Engineering (CtE) |issn=0010-8049 |publisher=Technical Publishing Company |date=January–December 1963 |volume=10 |issue= |id=(344) or (345) |page=110<!-- of which monthly issue? --> |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPpIAQAAIAAJ |access-date=2018-01-16 |quote=[…] Designed to be compatible with American and European traffic systems, a beacon encoder available from Norden Div., United Aircraft Corp., Norwalk, Conn., puts out a modified [[Gray code]] known as the Gillham code. […]}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=xkASAAAAIAAJ]</ref>

<ref name="ARINC_572">{{cite book |title=Mark 2 Subsonic Air Data System |id=ARINC 572 |date=1968-02-15 |page=55 |publisher=[[Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated]] ([[ARINC]]) |___location=Annapolis, Maryland, USA}}</ref>

<ref name="ARINC_572-1">{{cite book |title=Mark 2 Air Traffic Control Transponder |id=ARINC 572-1 |date= |page= |publisher=[[Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated]] ([[ARINC]])}}</ref>

<ref name="Gray_1947">{{cite book |author-first=Frank |author-last=Gray |author-link=Frank Gray (researcher) |title=Pulse Code Communication |date=1953-03-17<!-- gdate --> |orig-year=1947-11-13<!-- fdate --> |publisher=[[Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated]] |___location=New York, USA |id={{US patent|2632058}}. Serial No. 785697 |url=https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/a3/d7/f2/0343f5f2c0cf50/US2632058.pdf |access-date=2020-08-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805094312/https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/a3/d7/f2/0343f5f2c0cf50/US2632058.pdf |archive-date=2020-08-05}} (13 pages)</ref>

<ref name="Steinbuch_1962">{{cite book |title=Taschenbuch der Nachrichtenverarbeitung |language=Germande |editor-first=Karl W. |editor-last=Steinbuch |editor-link=Karl W. Steinbuch |date=1962 |edition=1 |publisher=[[Springer-Verlag OHG]] |___location=Karlsruhe, Germany |publication-place=Berlin / Göttingen / New York |lccn=62-14511 |pages=71–74}}</ref>

<ref name="Steinbuch-Weber_1974">{{cite book |title=Taschenbuch der Informatik – Band II – Struktur und Programmierung von EDV-Systemen |language=Germande |editor-first1=Karl W. |editor-last1=Steinbuch |editor-link1=Karl W. Steinbuch |editor-first2=Wolfgang |editor-last2=Weber |editor-first3=Traute |editor-last3=Heinemann |date=1974 |orig-year=1967 |edition=3 |volume=2 |work=Taschenbuch der Nachrichtenverarbeitung |publisher=[[Springer Verlag]] |___location=Berlin, Germany |isbn=3-540-06241-6 |lccn=73-80607 |pages=98–100}}</ref>

<ref name="O'Brien_1955">{{cite journal |author-first=Joseph A. |author-last=O'Brien |title=Cyclic Decimal Codes for Analogue to Digital Converters |journal=[[Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part I: Communication and Electronics]] |___location=Bell Telephone Laboratories, Whippany, New Jersey, USA |volume=75 |issue=2 |date=May 1956 |orig-year=1956-11-15, 1956-06-23 |issn=0097-2452 |doi=10.1109/TCE.1956.6372498 |id=Paper 56-21 |pages=120–122 |s2cid=51657314 |url=https://pdfslide.net/documents/cyclic-decimal-codes-for-analogue-to-digital-converters.html |access-date=2020-05-18 |url-status=live}} (3 pages) (NB. This paper was prepared for presentation at the AIEE Winter General Meeting, New York, USA, 1955-01-30 to 1955-02-03.)</ref>

<ref name="FAA_1962">{{cite book |title=Final Engineering Report on Evaluation of L-band Secondary Radar. For ANDB under CAA. |author=((Airborne Instruments Laboratory, a division of [[Cutler-Hammer, Inc.]])) |publisher=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA), Aviation Research And Development Service |type=Report |id=Report 8893-SP-1 |date=1962-05-19 |___location=Deer Park, Long Island, New York, USA |url= |access-date= |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="FAA_1962_T6">{{cite book |title=Height Code Tables For Use With Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System |author=((Airborne Instruments Laboratory, a division of [[Cutler-Hammer, Inc.]])) |publisher=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA), Aviation Research And Development Service |type=Report |id=Report 8893-SP-1. Contract FAA/BRD-329. Task 6 |date=May 1962 |___location=Deer Park, Long Island, New York, USA |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/615818.pdf |access-date=2020-05-17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517142356/https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/615818.pdf |archive-date=2020-05-17}} (43 pages)</ref>

<ref name="FI_1964">{{cite journal |title=Altitude encoding |author=United Service and Royal Aero Club (Great Britain) |journal=[[Flight International]] |issn=0015-3710 |volume=85 |number=2874 |publisher=Illiffe Transport Publications |date=1964-04-09 |page=593 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v04eERVZ_HMC |quote=[…] A new […] encoder with an output in Gillham code, as recommended for altitude encoding by [[ICAO]] and described in an [[FAA]] report of May 1962, has been introduced […]}}</ref>

Line 314:

<ref name="DFS_2000">{{cite web |title=Single Gillham code |author-first=Marc |author-last=D. F. S. |date=2000-11-27 |publisher=ForPilots |url=http://www.forpilots.com/archive/rec.aviation.owning/5/msg5377.htm |access-date=2018-01-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117174656/http://www.forpilots.com/archive/rec.aviation.owning/5/msg5377.htm |archive-date=2018-01-17}}</ref>

<ref name="LG_1955-06-03">{{London Gazette |issue=40497 |date=1955-06-03 |publisher=[[Her Majesty's Stationery Office]] |startpage=3257 |endpage=3296 |pages=3267, 3272, 3274 |supp=y |quote=[…] CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS OF KNIGHTHOOD. […] ''St. James's Palace, S.W.''1. […] ''9th June'', 1955. […] The QUEEN has been graciously pleased, on the occasion of the Celebration of Her Majesty's Birthday, to give orders for the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire:— […] To be Ordinary Members of the Civil Division of the said Most Excellent Order:— […] Ronald Lionel GILLHAM, Esq., Signals Officer, Air Navigational Services, Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation. […]}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20200518094510/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40497/supplement/3267][https://web.archive.org/web/20200518095002/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40497/supplement/3272][https://web.archive.org/web/20200518095002/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40497/supplement/3274]</ref>

<ref name="Dokter_1973">{{cite book |title=Digital Electronics |author-first1=Folkert |author-last1=Dokter |author-first2=Jürgen |author-last2=Steinhauer |chapter=2.4. Coding numbers in the binary system |date=1973-06-18 |series=Philips Technical Library (PTL) / Macmillan Education |publisher=[[The Macmillan Press Ltd.]] / [[N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken]] |edition=Reprint of 1st English |___location=Eindhoven, Netherlands |sbn=333-13360-9 |isbn=978-1-349-01419-4 |doi=10.1007/978-1-349-01417-0 |pages=32, 39, 50–53 |chapter-url= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hlRdDwAAQBAJ |access-date=2020-05-11 |url-status=live |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote-page=53 |quote=[…] The [[Datex code]] […] uses the [[O'Brien code II]] within each decade, and reflected decimal numbers for the decimal transitions. For further processing, code conversion to the natural decimal notation is necessary. Since the O'Brien II code forms a [[9s complement]], this does not give rise to particular difficulties: whenever the code word for the tens represents an odd number, the code words for the decimal units are given as the 9s complements by inversion of the fourth binary digit. […]}} (270 pages) (NB. This is based on a translation of volume I of the two-volume German edition.)</ref>

<ref name="Dokter_1975">{{cite book |author-first1=Folkert |author-last1=Dokter |author-first2=Jürgen |author-last2=Steinhauer |title=Digitale Elektronik in der Meßtechnik und Datenverarbeitung: Theoretische Grundlagen und Schaltungstechnik |chapter=2.4.4.6. Einschrittige Kodes |language=de |series=Philips Fachbücher |publisher=[[Deutsche Philips GmbH]] |___location=Hamburg, Germany |volume=I |date=1975 |orig-year=1969 |edition=improved and extended 5th |isbn=3-87145-272-6 |page=60}} (xii+327+3 pages) (NB. The German edition of volume I was published in 1969, 1971, two editions in 1972, and 1975. Volume II was published in 1970, 1972, 1973, and 1975.)</ref>

<ref name="IEEE_1983">{{cite journal |title=1983 Pioneer Award |journal=[[IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems]] |volume=AES-19 |number=4 |date=July 1983 |publisher=[[IEEE]] |pages=648–656 |doi=10.1109/TAES.1983.309363 |url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4102842 |access-date=2020-05-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516153346/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4102842 |archive-date=2020-05-16 |quote=[…] The Pioneer Award Committee of the IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society has named […] Allan Ashley […] Joseph E. Her[r]mann […] James S. Perry […] as recipients of the 1983 Pioneer Award in recognition of the highly significant contributions made by them. "FOR ADVANCING THE STATE OF THE ART OF VOICE AND DATA RADIO COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS" The Award was presented at NAECON on May 18, 1983. […] Being aware of developments within the United States and shortly before the ICAO VII COM [in January 1962], the U.K. delegates proposed a compromise code to the United States which quantized altitude in 500 ft steps for a range of 64000 ft by employing a conventional Gray code with a 2.9 µs pulse spacing in the return message, and in a compatible manner subdivided further by 100 ft increments with a 1.45 µs pulse spacing in the return message […] A quick look at the U.K. proposal concluded that the United States could live with the U.K. compromise although greater circuit complexity resulted for coding and decoding. It is to the credit of the U.S. delegation to the ICAO VII COM, and as a result of the advice of Ashley, Herrmann, Perry, and others, that the acceptance of the compatible U.K. proposal was seen as offering a means of obtaining timely agreement on 100 ft increment reportings o that future air traffic control systems could be developed with automatic three dimensional data acquisition. A potential impasse in ICAO was averted, leaving nations free to choose between 100 ft and 500 ft increments of altitude reporting. […]}} (9 pages)</ref>