Microdata (HTML): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 02:28, 19 October 2020

Revision as of 23:12, 10 December 2020

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{{HTML}}

'''Microdata''' is a [[WHATWG]] [[HTML]] specification used to nest [[metadata]] within existing content on web pages.<ref name="WHATWG"/> [[Search engines]], [[web crawlers]], and [[Web browser|browsers]] can extract and process Microdata from a web page and use it to provide a richer browsing experience for users. Search engines benefit greatly from direct access to this structured data because it allows them to understand the information on web pages and provide more relevant [[Search engine results page|results]] to users.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lyquix.com/blog-and-news/microdata-the-future-of-search-engine-relevance-and-search-engine-optimization-seo |title=MicroData - The Future of Search Engine Relevance and Optimization (SEO) |publisher=Lyquix.com |access-date= |accessdate=2016-06-30}}</ref><ref>Schema.org http://schema.org/</ref> Microdata uses a supporting vocabulary to describe an item and name-value pairs to assign values to its properties.<ref name="DIVE"/> Microdata is an attempt to provide a simpler way of annotating [[HTML element]]s with machine-readable tags than the similar approaches of using [[RDFa]] and [[microformat]]s.

In 2013, because the W3C HTML Working Group failed to find someone to serve as an editor for the '''Microdata HTML''' specification, its development was terminated with a 'Note'.<ref>{{cite mailing list|url=https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html-admin/2013Oct/0018.html |title=WG Decision to publish HTML Microdata as a WG Note |mailing-list=[e-mail] |date=2 Oct 2013 |first=Paul |last=Cotton |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/microdata/ |title=HTML Microdata |publisher=W3.org |date=23 June 2014 |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref> However, since that time, two new editors were selected, and five newer versions of the working draft have been published,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/WD-microdata-20170504/|title=HTML Microdata W3C First Public Working Draft 04 May 2017|website=World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)|accessdateaccess-date=2017-09-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/WD-microdata-20170626/|title=HTML Microdata W3C Working Draft 26 June 2017|website=World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)|accessdateaccess-date=2017-09-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/WD-microdata-20171009/|title=HTML Microdata W3C Working Draft 09 October 2017|date=9 October 2017|website=World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)|access-date=16 March 2018}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/WD-microdata-20171010/|title=HTML Microdata W3C Working Draft 10 October 2017|date=10 October 2017|website=World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)|access-date=16 March 2018}}</ref> the most recent being [https://www.w3.org/TR/microdata/<abbr>W3C</abbr> Working Draft 26 April 2018].<ref name=":0" />

== Vocabularies ==

Microdata vocabularies do not provide the [[semantics]], or meaning of an Item.<ref>{{Cite web | title = HTML Standard | url = https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/microdata.html | website = Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group | accessdateaccess-date = 30 December 2016}}</ref> Web developers can design a custom vocabulary or use vocabularies available on the web. A collection of commonly used markup vocabularies are provided by [[Schema.org]] schemas which include: ''Person'', "''Place''", ''Event'', ''Organization'', ''Product'', ''Review'', ''Review-aggregate'', ''Breadcrumb'', ''Offer'', ''Offer-aggregate''. The website schema.org was established by search engine operators like [[Google]], [[Microsoft]], [[Yahoo!]], and [[Yandex]], which use microdata markup to improve search results.<ref>{{cite book|title=HTML5: The missing manual|last=MacDonald|first=Matthew|edition=2nd|publisher=[[O'Reilly and Associates]]|date=2014|isbn=978-1-4493-6326-0}}</ref>{{rp|85}}

For some purposes, an ad-hoc vocabulary is adequate. For others, a vocabulary will need to be designed. Where possible, authors are encouraged to re-use existing vocabularies, as this makes content re-use easier.<ref name="WHATWG"/>

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</syntaxhighlight>

Here is the same markup with added [[Schema.org]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://schema.org/docs/documents.html |title=Documentation |publisher=Schema.org |access-date= |accessdate=2016-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://schema.org/docs/full.html |title=Type Hierarchy |publisher=Schema.org |access-date= |accessdate=2016-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://schema.rdfs.org/all.ttl |title=Schema.org Turtle RDFS Schema |access-date=2013-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921103224/http://schema.rdfs.org/all.ttl |archive-date=2014-09-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Microdata:

<syntaxhighlight lang=html5>

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== Support ==

{{update|section|date=January 2018}}

* Servers: [[Google]] can<ref name=GoogleCan /> use microdata in its [[Search engine results page|result pages]].<ref name=GoogleRS /> It is the preferred snippet format for the [[Google+]] social network.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4W8Ah394bH8 |title=Types of Rich Snippets |author=Google Webmasters Channel |medium=Video |date=2011-12-06 |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref>

* Browsers: {{As of|2013|12}}, notable browsers that added support for the Microdata [[Document Object Model|DOM]] [[API]], are.<ref>{{cite web |author=Opera Software Documentation Team |url=http://www.opera.com/docs/changelogs/windows/1160/ |title=Opera 11.60 for Windows changelog |publisher=Opera.com |date=2011-12-06 |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023082043/http://www.opera.com/docs/changelogs/windows/1160/ |archive-date=2014-10-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of April 2018, Microdata DOM API is deprecated according to Mozilla.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Microdata_DOM_API|website=mozilla.org|accessdateaccess-date=18 April 2018|title=Microdata DOM API}}</ref>

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==References==

{{Reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="WHATWG">{{cite web|url=http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/microdata.html |title=Microdata — HTML Draft Standard |publisher=Whatwg.org |access-date= |accessdate=2016-06-30}}</ref>

<ref name="AcademicYan">{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/6732371 |title=Semantic markup deployment in Russia |publisher=Academia.edu |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref>

<ref name="GoogleCan">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?answer=99170 |title=Rich Snippet display clarification |date=2016-06-22 |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref>

<ref name="GoogleRS">{{cite web|url=https://developers.google.com/structured-data/testing |title=Rich snippets (microdata, microformats, RDFa) |publisher=Google Inc. |date=2016-05-17 |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref>

<ref name="DIVE">{{cite web|url=http://diveintohtml5.info/extensibility.html |title="Distributed," "Extensibility," And Other Fancy Words |publisher=Diveintohtml5.info |access-date= |accessdate=2016-06-30}}</ref>

<ref name="MicrodataJS">{{cite web|url=https://github.com/foolip/microdatajs |title=MicrodataJS |publisher=Github.com |date=2011-12-12 |accessdateaccess-date=2016-06-30}}</ref>}}

== External links ==