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m v2.04b - Bot T20 CW#61 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference before punctuation) |
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This is the case when the first layer is a program P that always adds the same string S of characters at the beginning (or end) of all ciphertexts (commonly known as a [[Magic number (programming)|magic number]]). When found in a file, the string S allows an [[Kernel (operating system)|operating system]] to know that the program P has to be launched in order to decrypt the file. This string should be removed before adding a second layer.
To prevent this kind of attack, one can use the method provided by [[Bruce Schneier]]:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schneier |first1=Bruce |title=Applied Cryptography, Second Edition: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C |date=30 March 2015 |publisher=Wiley Computer Publishing |pages=368 |isbn=9781119096726 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VjC9BgAAQBAJ&q=15.8+Combining+Multiple+Block+Algorithms&pg=PA368}}</ref>
* Generate a random pad R of the same size as the plaintext.
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