Systems modeling language: Difference between revisions

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The '''Systems Modeling Language''' ('''SysML''')<ref>''Flexible Views for View-based Model-driven Development'' By Burger, Erik. KIT Scientific Publishing, Nov 14, 2014. Pg. 250.</ref> is a [[general-purpose modeling]] language for [[systems engineering]] applications. It supports the specification, [[analysis]], [[design]], [[verification and validation]] of a broad range of systems and [[System of systems|systems-of-systems]].

SysML was originally developed by an [[open source]] specification project, and includes an open source license for distribution and use.<ref name="faq">{{cite web|author=SysML Forum|title=SysML FAQ|url=https://sysmlforum.com/sysml-faq/|accessdateaccess-date=2018-12-03}}</ref> SysML is defined as an extension of a subset of the [[Unified Modeling Language]] (UML) using [[profile (UML)|UML's profile mechanism]]. The language's extensions were designed to support systems engineering activities.

== Contrast with UML ==

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* SysML model management constructs support models, views, and viewpoints. These constructs extend UML's capabilities and are architecturally aligned with [[IEEE-Std-1471-2000]] (IEEE Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of Software Intensive Systems).

SysML reuses seven of UML 2's fourteen diagrams, and adds two diagrams (requirement and parametric diagrams) for a total of nine diagram types. SysML also supports allocation tables, a tabular format that can be dynamically derived from SysML allocation relationships. A table which compares SysML and UML 2 diagrams is available in the SysML FAQ.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sysmlforum.com/sysml-faq/|title=SysML Forum: SysML FAQ - What is SysML?, Why use SysML?, Who created SysML?|work=sysmlforum.com|accessdateaccess-date=2014-12-04}}</ref>

Consider modeling an automotive system: with SysML one can use Requirement diagrams to efficiently capture functional, performance, and interface requirements, whereas with UML one is subject to the limitations of [[use case diagram]]s to define high-level functional requirements. Likewise, with SysML one can use Parametric diagrams to precisely define performance and quantitative constraints like maximum [[acceleration]], minimum [[curb weight]], and total [[air conditioning]] capacity. UML provides no straightforward mechanism to capture this sort of essential performance and quantitative information.

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== History ==

The SysML initiative originated in a January 2001 decision by the [[INCOSE|International Council on Systems Engineering]] (INCOSE) Model Driven Systems Design workgroup to customize the UML for systems engineering applications. Following this decision, INCOSE and the [[Object Management Group]] (OMG), which maintains the UML specification, jointly chartered the OMG Systems Engineering Domain Special Interest Group (SE DSIG) in July 2001. The SE DSIG, with support from INCOSE and the [[ISO 10303|ISO AP 233]] workgroup, developed the requirements for the modeling language, which were subsequently issued by the OMG parting in the ''UML for Systems Engineering Request for Proposal'' (UML for SE RFP; OMG document ad/03-03-41) in March 2003.<ref name="rfp">{{cite web|author=OMG SE DSIG|title=UML for Systems Engineering RFP|url=http://syseng.omg.org/UML_for_SE_RFP.htm|accessdateaccess-date=2006-06-29}}</ref>

In 2003 [[Cris Kobryn]] and Sanford Friedenthal organized and co-chaired the [[SysML Partners]], an informal association of industry leaders and tool vendors,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sysml.org/partners.htm|title=SysML Partners|accessdateaccess-date=2006-06-29}}</ref> which initiated an open source specification project to develop the SysML in response to the UML for Systems Engineering RFP.<ref name="sysml faq">{{cite web|author=SysML Forum|title=SysML FAQ|url=http://www.sysmlforum.com/sysml-faq.htm|accessdateaccess-date=2006-06-29 |archiveurlarchive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060716231947/http://www.sysmlforum.com/sysml-faq.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedatearchive-date = 2006-07-16}}</ref> The original technical contributors and co-authors of the SysML 1.0a specification were Laurent Balmelli, Conrad Bock, Rick Steiner, Alan Moore and Roger Burkhart. The SysML Partners distributed their first open source SysML specification drafts in 2004, and submitted SysML 1.0a to the OMG for technology adoption in November 2005.

=== OMG SysML ===

After a series of competing SysML specification proposals, a SysML Merge Team was proposed to the OMG in April 2006.<ref>[http://www.omg.org/docs/ad/06-03-01.pdf OMG document ad/06-03-01] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201130201/http://www.omg.org/docs/ad/06-03-01.pdf |date=2008-12-01 }}</ref> This proposal was voted upon and adopted by the OMG in July 2006 as OMG SysML, to differentiate it from the original open source specification from which it was derived. Because OMG SysML is derived from open source SysML, it also includes an open source license for distribution and use.

The OMG SysML v. 1.0 specification was issued by the OMG as an Available Specification in September 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omg.org/spec/SysML/1.0/PDF|title=SysML 1.0|work=omg.org|accessdateaccess-date=2014-12-04}}</ref> The current version of OMG SysML is v1.6, which was issued by the OMG in December 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.omg.org/spec/SysML/1.6/|title = SysML|work = omg.org|accessdateaccess-date = 2020-01-14}}</ref> In addition, SysML was published by the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO) in 2017 as a full [[International standard|International Standard]] (IS), ISO/IEC 19514:2017 (Information technology -- Object management group systems modeling language).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/65231.html|title=ISO/IEC 19514:2017 - Information technology -- Object management group systems modeling language (OMG SysML)|website=www.iso.org|language=en|access-date=2017-12-29}}</ref>

The OMG has been working on the next generation of SysML and issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) for version 2 on December 8, 2017, following its open standardization process.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.omgwiki.org/OMGSysML/doku.php?id=sysml-roadmap:sysml_v2_requirements_review_page|title=sysml-roadmap:sysml_v2_requirements_review_page [OMG SysML Portal]|website=www.omgwiki.org|language=en|access-date=2017-12-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.omg.org/gettingstarted/processintro.htm|title=OMG Process Introduction {{!}} Object Management Group|website=www.omg.org|language=en|access-date=2017-12-29}}</ref> The resulting specification, which will incorporate language enhancements from experience applying the language, will include a UML profile, a [[Metamodeling|metamodel]], and a mapping between the profile and metamodel.<ref name=":0" /> A second RFP for a SysML v2 [[Application programming interface|Application Programming Interface]] (API) and Services RFP was issued in June 2018. Its aim is to enhance the interoperability of [[model-based systems engineering]] tools.

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== Tools ==

There are several modeling tool vendors already offering SysML support, or are in the process of updating their tools to comply with the OMG SysML specification. Lists of tool vendors who support, or have announced support of, SysML or OMG SysML can be found on the SysML Forum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.SysMLforum.com|title=SysML Forum: What is SysML? - What You Need to Know|work=sysmlforum.com|accessdateaccess-date=2014-12-04}}</ref> or SysML<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omgsysml.org|title=OMG SysML|work=omgsysml.org|accessdateaccess-date=2014-12-04}}</ref> websites, respectively.

=== Model exchange ===