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{{MAIN|Simple view of reading}}
''The simple view of reading'' is a scientific theory about reading comprehension. According to the theory, in order to comprehend what they are reading students need both ''decoding skills'' and ''oral language (listening) comprehension ability''; neither is enough on their own. In other words, they need the ability to recognize and process (e.g., sound out) the text and the ability to understand the language in which the text is written (i.e., vocabulary, grammar and background knowledge).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sedl.org/reading/framework/overview.html |author1=Hoover, Wesley A. |author2=Gough, Philip B. |title=Overview – The Cognitive Foundations of Learning to Read: A Framework |work=The Cognitive Foundations of Learning to Read: A Framework }}</ref> Students are not reading if they can decode words but do not understand their meaning. Similarly, students are not reading if they cannot decode words that they would ordinarily recognize and understand if they heard them spoken out loud.<ref name="auto">{{cite journal |last1=Castles |first1=Anne |last2=Rastle |first2=Kathleen |last3=Nation |first3=Kate |title=Ending the Reading Wars: Reading Acquisition From Novice to Expert |journal=Psychological Science in the Public Interest |date=11 June 2018 |volume=19 |issue=1 |page=27 |doi=10.1177/1529100618772271|pmid=29890888 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.readingrockets.org/article/simple-view-reading|title=Simple view of reading, Reading rockets}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.shanahanonliteracy.com/blog/what-kind-of-early-reading-intervention-should-we-provide|title=What Kind of Early Reading Intervention Should We Provide, Timothy Shanahan, 2020-11-14}}</ref>
It is expressed in the equation '''D x LC = RC''':
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