Common Alerting Protocol: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:05, 26 July 2020

Revision as of 12:18, 1 January 2021

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==Background==

The US [[National Science and Technology Council]] (NSTC) November 2000 report on "Effective Disaster Warnings" recommended that "standard method should be developed to collect and relay instantaneously and automatically all types of hazard warnings and reports locally, regionally and nationally for input into a wide variety of dissemination systems."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sdr.gov/NDIS_rev_Oct27.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdateaccess-date=2006-05-03 |url-status=dead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060513144112/http://www.sdr.gov/NDIS_rev_Oct27.pdf |archivedatearchive-date=2006-05-13 }}</ref>

In 2001, an international independent group of over 120 emergency managers that was convened online by California emergency telecommunications expert Art Botterell began specifying and prototyping the Common Alerting Protocol data structure based on the recommendations of the NSTC report. The project was embraced by the non-profit Partnership for Public Warning and a number of international warning system vendors.<ref>http://www.ppw.us {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020928072102/http://www.ppw.us/ |date=2002-09-28 }}</ref> A series of field trials and long-term demonstration projects during 2002-03 led to the submission of a draft CAP specification to the OASIS standards process for formalization.

The CAP&nbsp;1.0 specification was approved by [[OASIS (organization)|OASIS]] in April 2004. Based on experience with CAP&nbsp;1.0, the OASIS Emergency Management Technical Committee adopted an updated CAP&nbsp;1.1 specification in October 2005.<ref>http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/emergency</ref><ref>http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/14759/emergency-CAPv1.1.pdf</ref> At a meeting in Geneva in October 2006 the CAP&nbsp;1.1 specification was taken under consideration by the [[International Telecommunications Union]]'s [[ITU-T|Standardization Sector]] for adoption as an ITU-T recommendation. CAP was subsequently adopted as Recommendation X.1303.<ref>{{cite web |title=X.1303 : Common alerting protocol (CAP 1.1) |url=https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.1303/en |publisher=International Telecommunications Union |accessdateaccess-date=2019-04-30}}</ref>

CAP specification version 1.2 has been available since July 2010 at the OASIS website.<ref>http://docs.oasis-open.org/emergency/cap/v1.2/CAP-v1.2-os.pdf</ref>

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CAP has been implemented for a small-scale, grassroots hazard information system in [[Sri Lanka]] following the [[2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami]]. This implementation was part of the "HazInfo Project", funded by Canada's [[International Development Research Centre]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lirneasia.net/projects/current-projects/evaluating-last-mile-hazard-information-dissemination-hazinfo/|title=Evaluating Last-Mile Hazard Information Dissemination (HazInfo)|work=lirneasia.net|access-date=2007-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709060448/http://www.lirneasia.net/projects/current-projects/evaluating-last-mile-hazard-information-dissemination-hazinfo/|archive-date=2007-07-09|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The province of [[Alberta]] adopted CAP as part of its [[Alberta Emergency Alert]] system. In March 2015, [[Alert Ready]], a national public warning system based upon CAP-CP, was officially launched. Participation in the system by all broadcasters and television providers is mandated by the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Public Alerting Bulletin to Last Mile Distributors|url=https://alerts.pelmorex.com/download/public/Broadcaster%20Bulletin%202015-03-27.pdf|publisher=Pelmorex|accessdateaccess-date=9 June 2015|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506000827/https://alerts.pelmorex.com/download/public/Broadcaster%20Bulletin%202015-03-27.pdf|archive-date=6 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Alberta emergency system goes digital|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/alberta-emergency-system-goes-digital-1.993701|website=CBC News|accessdateaccess-date=9 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=cbc-aeavoice>{{cite web|title=Digital alert system hard to decipher: critics|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/digital-alert-system-hard-to-decipher-critics-1.1032381|website=CBC News|accessdateaccess-date=9 June 2015}}</ref>

===Germany===

The Federal Office for Citizen Protection and Disaster Support (Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe, BBK) is working on an implementation based on CAP 1.2, which will allow for Internet-based access to data provided by the nation's modular warning system MoWaS.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbk.bund.de/DE/AufgabenundAusstattung/Krisenmanagement/WarnungderBevoelkerung/Warnmultiplikatoren/Warnmultiplikatoren_node.html|title=Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe - Warnmultiplikatoren|publisher=}}</ref> The development of MoWaS is based on the satellite-based warning system SatWaS from 2001, which only provides information to less than 150 state and media entities. In case no broadcast receiver, like a radio or television, is running nearby, the resulting warning effect of SatWaS would be severely limited, because many state-run emergency sirens have been left unmaintained or were dismantled altogether. The use of CAP support in MoWaS should alleviate this problem.

===Italy===