Container port design process: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:49, 1 December 2020

Revision as of 00:55, 4 January 2021

Line 13:

A few federal bills which provide funding for ports are

* Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act: $11 billion in funding to assist in surface transportation improvements

* National Highway Freight Program (NHFP): at least $10 billion in funding reorganized for more efficient use in transportation improvements<ref name="POW Master Plan">{{cite web|title=Strategic Master Plan for the Diamond State Port Corporation|url=http://portofwilmington.com/images/DSPC%20Master%20Plan%20-%20FINAL%20-%2007%2029%2016.pdf|website=Port of Wilmington|accessdateaccess-date=4 December 2016|ref=POW Master Plan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206121541/http://portofwilmington.com/images/DSPC%20Master%20Plan%20-%20FINAL%20-%2007%2029%2016.pdf|archive-date=6 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Most often, the State's Department of Transportation (DOT) is the largest state/local financier of public money investments. The DOTs see the ports as key elements in the systems of movement that they are responsible for such as railways and highways.

Line 24:

[[File:Container sizes.jpeg|thumb|112x112px|Container types in consideration]]

Cargo determines the main function, transportation mode and related characters required for the container port. In container port design, the object cargo is [[intermodal container]]. Containers are usually classified as 20-foot and 40-foot. 53-foot containers were introduced and used both in the US and Canada, mainly for domestic road and rail transport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://exportlogisticsguide.com/apl-introduces-53-foot-ocean-containers|title=APL Introduces 53 Foot Ocean Containers|date=2013-11-04|access-date=2016-11-30|url-status=bot: unknown|archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104235508/http://exportlogisticsguide.com/apl-introduces-53-foot-ocean-containers|archivedatearchive-date=2013-11-04}}</ref> {{For|container transportation|Intermodal freight transport}}

== Vessels ==

Line 59:

=== Waterside Access ===

Waterside access is the condition of waterways in the ___location, which determines the expected depth, berth quantities, vessel accessibility and effort required for development. Access channel is a waterway that linking the basins of a port to the open sea.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thomastelford.com|title=Thomas Telford Ltd.|website=www.thomastelford.com|access-date=2016-12-02}}</ref> The importance of ___location of access channels is that it determines the [[Oceanography|oceanographic]] factors such as wave, [[tidal cycle]], current, wind met by the ships in the channel. Also, it needs to keep the depth of [[Channel (geography)|channel]] and be able to accommodate the world's largest cargo vessels. For example, in order to meet the need, the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] runs the Main Navigation Channel Deepening Program, dredged 38 miles of federal channels to as deep as 50 feet by 30 years. There are several aspects, based on PIANC (1997), a designer needs to consider:<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pianc.org|title=PIANC Report N 135-2014|last=bvba|first=Consonant|date=|website=www.pianc.org|publisher=|access-date=2014-12-02}}</ref>

# Vessel's dimension and velocity;

# The cargo hazard level;

Line 133:

== Stakeholders ==

Stakeholders as any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization's objectives.(R. Edward Freeman 1984.)<ref>{{Cite book|title=Strategic Management|last=Freeman|first=R. Edward|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-521-15174-0|___location=UK|pages=292|quote=|via=|url=https://archive.org/details/strategicmanagem0000free|url-access=registration}}</ref> Stakeholder analysis is a process of systematically gathering and analyzing qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account when developing and or implementing a policy or program. The purpose of a stakeholder analysis is to assess the attitudes of the stakeholders regarding the realization of a new container terminal.

Stakeholder in ___location selection mainly consist of trade organizations, maritime groups, regional government, neighborhood societies, environment groups and other people with direct/indirect interest related to the terminal. Selection shall involve their participation so as to avoid strong conflicts in future development, and to keep terminal development adapt to the changing demand from these stakeholders.

Line 170:

[[Port security]] consists of cargo security, port facility security, staff security and maritime ___domain security. Port security should be worked jointly by the coast guards and custom and border protection together. Internationally, port security is governed by rules issued by the [[International Maritime Organization]] and its 2002 [[International Ship and Port Facility Security Code]].

During design process, ports need to come up with a port security plan and implement it. The port security plan should include: security survey and risk assessment, physical security and access control, information security, personnel security, maritime terrorism, drug smuggling, stowaways and alien smuggling, roles/ responsibilities/ legal authorities of port agencies, sea robbery, cargo security and hazardous materials and intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/16000/16900/16918/PB2000106164.pdf|title=Port Security- A National Planning Guide|last=U.S. Department of Transportation|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>

== Customs facility ==

Line 220:

Several agreements we should take them into account:

* ILO code of practice --- Safety and Health in ports; (2003)<ref>{{Cite book|title=Safety and health in ports|last=ILO|first=ILO|publisher=International Labour Organization|year=2003|isbn=92-2-115287-1|___location=|pages=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

* ILO code of practice --- Security in ports; (2004)<ref>{{Cite book|title=Security in ports|last=ILO|first=ILO|publisher=International Labour Organization|year=2004|isbn=92-2-115286-3|___location=|pages=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

=== Safety and security ===