Box modeling is a technique in 3D modeling as an alternative to spline modeling where primitives are used in place of individual vertices. While a primary function of box modeling involves extruding and scaling what are known as faces, another more prominent feature of this art style gives it a second, less rudimentary name of subdivision modeling. (See subdivision surfaces)
Subdivision modeling is derived from the idea that as a work is progressed, should the artist want to make his work appear less sharp, or "blocky", each face would be divided up into smaller, more detailed faces.