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September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 92 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
- 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
- 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
- 1791 - The Magic Flute, the last opera composed by Mozart premiered at Theater an der Wien in Vienna, Austria.
- 1791 - The Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as incorruptible patriots.
- 1813 - Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
- 1882 - The world's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
- 1888 - Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
- 1895 - Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
- 1903 - New Gresham's School officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.
- 1906 - Real Academia Galega, Galician language biggest linguistic authority starts working in Havana.
- 1927 - Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season
- 1931 - Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
- 1935 - The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
- 1938 - The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
- 1939 - General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.
- 1947 - The Islamic Republic of Pakistan joins the United Nations.
- 1947 - The World Series, featuring New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
- 1949 - The Berlin Airlift ends.
- 1954 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
- 1960 - The Flintstones made their debut on primetime.
- 1962 - Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers.
- 1962 - James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.
- 1962 - Last episodes of Suspense and Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar broadcast on CBS Radio, marking the end of The Golden Age of Radio.
- 1965 - General Suharto rises to power after an alleged coup by the Communist Party of Indonesia. In response, Suharto massacres over a million Indonesian communists.
- 1966 - The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.
- 1967 - BBC Radio 1 is launched; the BBC's other national radio stations also adopt numeric names. Tony Blackburn presents the first show.
- 1967 - Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation is launched in Colombo; the station was formerly known as Radio Ceylon.
- 1970 - Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
- 1972 - Major League Baseball: Roberto Clemente of the Pittsburgh Pirates collects his 3,000th and final hit. He would die in a plane crash on December 31, while carrying relief supplies to Nicaragua.
- 1975 - The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.
- 1975 - Thrilla in Manila takes place between Joe Frazier and Muhammad Ali
- 1977 - Due to US Budget cuts, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the moon are shut down.
- 1979 - The Hong Kong MTR commenced service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).
- 1980 - Ethernet specifications published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
- 1982 - Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven were killed in all. The incident is known as the Tylenol murders.
- 1985 - Howard Stern is fired from WNBC-AM
- 1986 - Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel covert nuclear program to British media, was kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
- 1989 - Foreign Minister of West Germany Hans-Dietrich Genscher's speech from the balcony of the German embassy in Prague.
- 1989 - NBC airs its final edition of the Major League Baseball Game of the Week. The Toronto Blue Jays would clinch the American League Eastern divisional title against the Baltimore Orioles.
- 1990 - The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
- 1991 - President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti is forced from office.
- 1993 - An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
- 1999 - Japan's worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tōkai-mura, northeast of Tokyo.
- 2004 - The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
- 2004 - The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missle for the F-14 Tomcat, retires from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat retires.
- 2005 - The Parliament of Catalonia passes with 120 plus votes and 15 against, the Project of New Catalan Statute of Autonomy, proclaiming in its article 1, "Catalonia is a nation".
- 2005 - The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.
- 2007 - Parliamentary elections will occur in Ukraine after Ukrainian President Victor Yuschenko dismissed Parliament.
- 2007 - 2007 NRL Grand final
Births
- 1207 - Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
- 1227 - Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)
- 1530 - Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
- 1550 - Michael Maestlin, German mathematician (d. 1631)
- 1631 - William Stoughton, American judge at the Salem witch trials (d. 1701)
- 1700 - Stanisław Konarski, Polish writer (d. 1773)
- 1710 - John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, British statesman (d. 1771)
- 1715 - Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (d. 1780)
- 1732 - Jacques Necker, French finance minister of Louis XVI (d. 1804)
- 1765 - José María Morelos, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1815)
- 1800 - Decimus Burton, British architect (d. 1881)
- 1827 - Ellis H. Roberts, American politician (d. 1918)
- 1861 - William Wrigley Jr., American industrialist (Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company) (d. 1932)
- 1870 - Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
- 1870 - Thomas W. Lamont, American banker; father of Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont (d. 1948)
- 1882 - Hans Geiger, German physicist (d. 1945)
- 1893 - Lansdale Sasscer, American politician (d. 1964)
- 1895 - Lewis Milestone, Russian-born film director (d. 1980)
- 1898 - Renée Adorée, French actress (d. 1933)
- 1898 - Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977)
- 1904 - Waldo Williams, Welsh poet (d. 1971)
- 1905 - Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
- 1908 - David Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1974)
- 1912 - Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
- 1913 - Bill Walsh, American film producer and writer (d. 1975)
- 1915 - Lester Maddox, Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
- 1917 - Park Chunghee, President of South Korea (d. 1979)
- 1917 - Buddy Rich, American drummer (d. 1987)
- 1918 - Lewis Nixon, WWII Veteran (d. 1996)
- 1919 - Roberto Bonomi, Argentine racing driver (d. 1992)
- 1920 - Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American musician and cellist
- 1921 - Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress
- 1922 - Alan Stretton, Australian general
- 1924 - Truman Capote, American author (d. 1984)
- 1926 - Robin Roberts, American baseball player
- 1927 - W. S. Merwin, American poet
- 1928 - Elie Wiesel, Romanian Holocaust survivor, author, and lecturer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1931 - Angie Dickinson, American actress
- 1932 - Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese author and politician (Governor of Tokyo)
- 1932 - Johnny Podres, American baseball player
- 1934 - Udo Jürgens, Austrian singer
- 1935 - Johnny Mathis, American singer
- 1937 - Valentin Silvestrov, Ukrainian composer
- 1939 - Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1942 - Frankie Lymon, American singer (d. 1968)
- 1943 - Johann Deisenhofer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1943 - Marilyn McCoo, American singer (The Fifth Dimension)
- 1944 - Diane Dufresne, French Canadian singer
- 1945 - Salaheddin Ali Nader Shah Angha, 42nd Present Sufi Master of the Oveyssi-Shahmaghsoudi order
- 1945 - Ehud Olmert, twelfth Prime Minister of Israel
- 1946 - Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican singer (d. 1993)
- 1947 - Marc Bolan, British musician (d. 1977)
- 1950 - Renato Zero, Italian musician
- 1951 - Barry Marshall, Australian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- 1952 - Jack Wild, British actor (d. 2006)
- 1953 - S.M. Stirling, Canadian-born author
- 1954 - Basia Trzetrzelewska, Polish-born singer and songwriter
- 1954 - Barry Williams, American actor
- 1957 - Fran Drescher, American actress
- 1960 - Blanche Lincoln, American politician
- 1961 - Eric Stoltz, American actor
- 1961 - Crystal Bernard, American actress
- 1961 - Eric van de Poele, Belgian racing driver
- 1962 - Frank Rijkaard, Dutch football player and manager
- 1964 - Trey Anastasio, American musician (Phish)
- 1964 - Monica Bellucci, Italian actress
- 1964 - Robby Takac, American singer and bassist (Goo Goo Dolls)
- 1966 - Kerry G. Johnson, African American graphic designer and caricaturist
- 1969 - Chris Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1991)
- 1970 - Mark Smith, English body builder, former Gladiator
- 1971 - Jenna Elfman, American actress
- 1972 - Ari Behn, Norwegian author
- 1972 - Jamal Anderson, American football player
- 1975 - Marion Cotillard, French actress
- 1975 - Carlos Guillén, American baseball player
- 1977 - Roy Carroll, Northern Irish footballer
- 1977 - Sun Jihai, Chinese footballer
- 1978 - Candice Michelle, American female wrestler
- 1979 - Andy Van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
- 1980 - Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player
- 1981 - Brandon Watson, American baseball player
- 1982 - Lacey Chabert, American actress
- 1982 - Kieran Culkin, American actor
- 1982 - Michelle Marsh, British model
- 1982 - Ryan Stout, American comedian
- 1982 - Teal Redmann, American actress
- 1983 - Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
- 1984 - Keisha Buchanan, British singer (Sugababes)
- 1984 - Megan Ewing, American model
- 1987 - Ramgott, Mexican Webmaster and Graphic Designer
Deaths
- 420 - Saint Jerome, translator of the Vulgate Bible
- 653 - Saint Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1101 - Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan
- 1246 - Yaroslav II of Russia (b. 1191)
- 1440 - Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, English soldier and politician
- 1487 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
- 1551 - Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b. 1507)
- 1560 - Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
- 1572 - St. Francis Borgia, Jesuit priest (b. 1510)
- 1581 - Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)
- 1626 - Nurhaci, Manchurian chief (b. 1559)
- 1628 - Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (b. 1554)
- 1770 - Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat
- 1770 - George Whitefield, English-born Methodist leader (b. 1714)
- 1772 - James Brindley, English engineer (b. 1716)
- 1865 - Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian-Jewish scholar (b. 1800)
- 1888 - Elizabeth Stride, widely believed to be the third victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1843)
- 1888 - Catherine Eddowes, widely believed to be the fourth victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1842)
- 1891 - Georges Boulanger, French general and politician (b. 1837)
- 1897 - St Therese of Lisieux, Roman Catholic saint and mystic (b. 1873)
- 1910 - Maurice Lévy, French enegineer (b. 1838)
- 1913 - Rudolf Diesel, German inventor (b. 1858)
- 1943 - Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (b. 1864)
- 1955 - James Dean, American actor (automobile accident) (b. 1931)
- 1961 - Onésime Gagnon, French Canadian politician, lieutenant-governor of Québec (b. 1888)
- 1973 - Peter Pitseolak, Inuit photographer and author (b. 1902)
- 1977 - Mary Ford, American singer (Les Paul and Mary Ford) (b. 1924)
- 1978 - Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
- 1985 - Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
- 1985 - Charles Richter, American seismologist (b. 1900)
- 1989 - Virgil Thompson, American composer (b. 1896)
- 1990 - Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1912)
- 1994 - Andre Michael Lwoff, French microbiologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902)
- 1998 - Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player (b. 1953)
- 2002 - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1913)
- 2003 - Yusuf Bey, Black Muslim leader (b. 1935)
- 2004 - Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor (b. 1936)
- 2004 - Michael Relph, British film producer and director (b. 1915)
Holidays and observances
- RC Saints - Saint Jerome
- Botswana - Independence Day (1966)
- São Tomé and Príncipe - Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day
- French Republican Calendar - Panais (Parsnip) Day, ninth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
- International Translation Day, introduced in 1991 by International Federation of Translators