TCP/IP stack fingerprinting (or OS fingerprinting) is the process in computing of determining the identity of a remote host's operating system by analyzing packets from that host.
There are two different types, active and passive. Passive OS fingerprinting identifies the remote operating system with packets that are received, without sending any packets. Active OS fingerprinting, by contrast, sends packets (sometimes odd packets) and waits for a response (or lack of one).
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