The Galliformes is an order of birds containing the turkeys, grouse, quails and pheasants. About 256 species are found worldwide.
| Galliformes | |
|---|---|
| |
| Wild turkey | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | Galliformes Temminck, 1820
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| Families | |
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Megapodiidae | |
These birds vary in size from small to large, but they are typically stoutly built and have short thick bills primarily adapted for seed-eating or the consumption of other plant material such as heather shoots. The young birds will also take insects.
Most of these birds are resident, but some of the smaller temperate species, such as quail, do migrate. Many species show distinct differences between the sexes in size or appearance.
ORDER GALLIFORMES
- Family: Megapodiidae, mound-builders
- Family: Cracidae, chachalacas, guans and curassows
- Family: Tetraonidae, grouse
- Family: Phasianidae, junglefowl (including the wild form of the domestic chicken), partridges, pheasants, quail, and allies.
- Family: Odontophoridae, New World quail
- Family: Numididae, guineafowl
- Family: Meleagrididae, turkeys
- Family: Mesitornithidae, mesites
The buttonquail family is traditionally listed among the Galliformes, but many authorities now regard it as sufficiently different to list it as a separate order. Similarly, the hoatzin was formerly listed here, but DNA comparison has shown clearly that it is a cuckoo.
The Anseriformes (ducks and their allies) and the Galliformes are ancestral to neognathous birds, and should follow ratites and tinamous in bird classification systems. See the chart below.
