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Bozza Demografia del Nagorno Karabakh
Nel trattare la Demografia del Nagorno Karabakh occorre distinguere tra la popolazione censita nell'Oblast Autonomo e quella dell'attuale repubblica.
Infatti il territorio di quest'ultima, in conseguenza della guerra ha subito modifiche e si sono verificati flussi migratori in entrata ed in uscita che hanno interessato sia la (prevalente) componente armena che la (minoritaria) componente azera.
Demografia dell'Oblast
L'Oblast autonomo aveva una superficie di 4.400 km² ed una popolazione che sino alla fine degli anni 1960 ha raramente superato le 130.000 unità con la componente armena nettamente maggioritaria (oltre il 90%), così come si evince dalla tabella sottostante. Nel 1921 la popolazione complessiva della regione era di 128.976 unità di cui 122.426 894,9%) armeni, e 6550 (5,1%) azeri.[1]
| Gruppi etnici |
census 1926 | census 1939 | census 1959 | census 1970 | census 1979 | census 1989 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| numero | % | numero | % | numero | % | numero | % | numero | % | numero | % | |
| Armeni | 111,694 | 89.1 | 132,800 | 88.0 | 110,053 | 84.4 | 121,068 | 80.5 | 123,076 | 75.9 | 145,450 | 76.9 |
| Azeri | 12,592 | 10.0 | 14,053 | 9.3 | 17,995 | 13.8 | 27,179 | 18.1 | 37,264 | 23.0 | 40,688 | 21.5 |
| Russi | 596 | 0.5 | 3,174 | 2.1 | 1,790 | 1.4 | 1,310 | 0.9 | 1,265 | 0.8 | 1,922 | 1.0 |
| Ucraini | 436 | 0.3 | 193 | 0.1 | 140 | 0.1 | 416 | 0.2 | ||||
| Altri | 416 | 0.3 | 374 | 0.2 | 568 | 0.4 | 563 | 0.4 | 436 | 0.3 | 609 | 0.3 |
| Total | 125,300 | 150,837 | 130,406 | 150,313 | 162,181 | 189,085 | ||||||
Demografia della repubblica
Note
- ^ Armenian Review, Primavera 1991, Volume 44, Numero 1/173
Here is a summary of the above information for Mountainous Karabakh with appropriate percentages.
1921 Armenians 122,426 (94.9%) Azeris 6,550 ( 5.1%) 1959 Armenians 110,000 (93.2%) Azeris 8,000 ( 6.8%) 1970 Armenians 121,000 (81.8%) Azeris 27,000 (18.2%) 1979 Armenians 123,000 (76.9%) Azeris 37,000 (23.1%) 1989 Armenians 145,000 (78.4%) Azeris 40,000 (21.6%)
Source #2: Armenian Review, Spring 1991, Volume 44, Number 1/173
19th century
A survey prepared by the Russian imperial authorities in 1823, several years before the 1828 Armenian migration from Persia to the newly established Armenian Province, shows that all Armenians of Karabakh compactly resided in its highland portion, i.e. on the territory of the five traditional Armenian principalities in Nagorno Karabakh, and constituted an absolute demographic majority on those lands. The survey's more than 260 pages recorded that the district of Khachen had twelve Armenian villages and no Tatar (Muslim) villages; Jalapert (Jraberd) had eight Armenian villages and no Tatar villages; Dizak had fourteen Armenian villages and one Tatar village; Gulistan had twelve Armenian and five Tatar villages; and Varanda had twenty-three Armenian villages and one Tatar village.[94][95] 20th century
During the Soviet times, leader of Azerbaijan SSR tried to change demographic balance in the Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Region (NKAO) by increasing the number of Azerbaijani residents through opening a university with Azerbaijani, Russian and Armenian sectors and a shoe factory, sending Azerbaijanis from other parts of Azerbaijani SSR to the NKAO. "By doing this," Aliyev said in an interview in 2002 "I tried to increase the number of Azeris and to reduce the number of Armenians.”[96][97]
Nearing the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989, the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast boasted a population of 145,593 Armenians (76.4%), 42,871 Azerbaijanis (22.4%),[64] and several thousand Kurds, Russians, Greeks, and Assyrians. Most of the Azerbaijani and Kurdish populations fled the region during the heaviest years of fighting in the war from 1992 to 1993. The main language spoken in Nagorno-Karabakh is Armenian; however, Karabakh Armenians speak a dialect of Armenian which is considerably different from that which is spoken in Armenia as it is layered with Russian, Turkish and Persian words.[52] 2000s
In 2001, the NKR's reported population was 95% Armenian, with the remaining total including Assyrians, Greeks, and Kurds.[98] In March 2007, the local government announced that its population had grown to 138,000. The annual birth rate was recorded at 2,200-2,300 per year, an increase from nearly 1,500 in 1999. Until 2000, the country's net migration was at a negative.[99] For the first half of 2007, 1,010 births and 659 deaths were reported, with a net emigration of 27.[100]
In 2011, officials from YAP submitted a letter to OSCE which included the statement, "The OSCE fact-finding mission report released last year also found that some 15,000 Armenians have been illegally settled on Azerbaijan's occupied territories." However, the OSCE report, released in March 2011, estimates the population of territories controlled by ethnic Armenians "adjacent to the breakaway Azerbaijani region of Nagorno-Karabakh" to be 14,000, and states "there has been no significant growth in the population since 2005."[101]
Most of the Armenian population is Christian and belongs to the Armenian Apostolic Church. Certain Orthodox Christian and Evangelical Christian denominations also exist; other religions include Judaism.[98]